ORPHA:99918
Streptococcal toxic-shock syndrome
Also known as: Streptococcal TSS
Publications
2,641
94.1th percentile
Trials
0
Interventional, condition-specific
Researchers
1,338
Distinct authors in sample
Gene link
—
Readiness
2/6
Stages with a signal
Clinical definition (Orphanet)
Streptococcal toxic-shock syndrome (streptococcal TSS) is an acute disease mediated by the production of superantigenic toxins characterized by the sudden onset of fever and other febrile symptoms, pain, multisystem organ involvement and potentially leading to coma, shock and death due to a Streptococcus pyogenes infection.
How rare: 1-9 / 1 000 000 — roughly one to nine people per million. In a city the size of Kolkata, perhaps a few dozen.
Cross-references
Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.
- MONDO:0020544
- UMLS:C0343532
Additional Mondo synonyms (3)
Streptococcus caused toxic shock syndrome · Streptococcus toxic shock syndrome · streptococcal TSS
Research stages
Trial readiness signals
Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”
2/6 stages with a signal
No specific-condition interventional trial, but broader-category trials exist — discuss eligibility with a clinician.
- Gene identifiedNot found
No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build
- LiteraturePresent
2,641 matched papers (1,319 in last 10 years) Source
- Phenotype characterisedNot checked
Not yet enriched from Monarch / HPO
- Animal modelNot checked
Not yet enriched from Monarch / Alliance
- Orphan designationNot checked
FDA/EMA orphan-drug designation not enriched yet
- Interventional trialPartial
None under the specific name; 5 for broader category toxic shock syndrome
Biology
Genes and phenotypes
Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.
Do we know what causes it?
Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.
No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.
Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)
Not enriched in this build — Monarch phenotype joins were not run for this record.
Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)
Not enriched in this build.
Literature
Is anyone studying this?
2,641
2,641 papers have been published on this condition. That is a real research literature — still far smaller than common diseases (breast cancer: over 700,000 papers). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=5449) is 41.
2,641 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 41 (publications denominator n=5449).
1,319 in the last 10 years · high confidence · 94.1th percentile (publications denominator)
Phrase hits: 2,641 · MeSH hits: 0
Who's working on it?
1,338
Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.
Who's working on it?
No interventional trial matched this name; these authors publish on it in the sampled literature — a practical starting point for contact.
- 01Ikebe T6 papers · 2025
Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: tdikebe@niid.go.jp.
Papers in Europe PMC - 02de Gier B4 papers · 2026
Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
Papers in Europe PMC - 03van Sorge NM4 papers · 2026
Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Center location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Papers in Europe PMC - 04Akeda Y3 papers · 2025
Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
Papers in Europe PMC - 05Chiappini E3 papers · 2025
Infectious Diseases Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy. elena.chiappini@unifi.it.
Papers in Europe PMC - 06Chochua S3 papers · 2026
Division of Bacterial Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Papers in Europe PMC - 07De Luca M3 papers · 2025
Infectious Disease Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy.
Papers in Europe PMC - 08Endo A3 papers · 2025
Department of Acute Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
Papers in Europe PMC - 09Fukushima S3 papers · 2026
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan.
Papers in Europe PMC - 10Hagiya H3 papers · 2026
Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan. hagiya@okayama-u.ac.jp.
Papers in Europe PMC
Clinical research
Is a treatment being tested?
0
interventional trials for this specific condition
No interventional trial testing a treatment matched this specific condition name. 1 observational study did — shown below because natural-history and cohort work can be an important step toward a trial. 5 trials are registered for toxic shock syndrome, the broader category — shown separately because they may or may not enrol this specific subtype.
Data as of 27 July 2026
No matched interventional trials. This is true for 73% of diseases in the trials denominator (5114 of 7003). Here are the researchers publishing on it.
high confidence · 36.5th percentile (trials denominator)
Recruiting interventional trials
From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set
No interventional trial testing a treatment was found for this specific condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov.
5 interventional trials matched toxic shock syndrome, the broader category — listed below. Those studies are not counted in the condition-specific total.
Broader category: toxic shock syndrome
5
Interventional trials for the parent category, exclusive of NCT IDs already counted above. Eligibility for this subtype is not guaranteed.
Worth raising with a clinician. How we count trials.
Observational and natural-history studies
1 observational study matches this condition. These do not test a treatment and are not counted in the interventional-trial headline, but they are genuine research: natural-history work often defines the endpoints needed for a future rare-disease trial, and families may be able to enroll.
None of the matched observational studies is currently listed as recruiting.
Where to find support
We do not yet link condition-specific patient organisations. These umbrella groups support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families:
India — NPRD
Last verified 2026-07-26This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.
Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.
How we counted this
Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.
"Streptococcal toxic-shock syndrome" OR "Streptococcal TSS" OR "Streptococcus caused toxic shock syndrome" OR "Streptococcus toxic shock syndrome"
ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):
"Streptococcal toxic-shock syndrome" OR "Streptococcal TSS" OR "Streptococcus caused toxic shock syndrome" OR "Streptococcus toxic shock syndrome"
Study-type breakdown: 0 interventional · 1 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.
Parent-category trials query:
"toxic shock syndrome"
Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase; with hits: phrase
Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov
Confidence reasoning
- Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
- No synonyms dropped by stoplist
- No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
Ingested 2026-07-27T06:33:12.366Z