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ORPHA:99861

Precursor T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

low confidenceDisorder

Also known as: Precursor T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma · Precursor T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia · Precursor T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia/lymphoma · T-ALL

Publications

25,917

Trials

15

Interventional, condition-specific

Researchers

1,517

Distinct authors in sample

Gene link

—

Readiness

2/6

Stages with a signal

Clinical definition (Orphanet)

A rare acute lymphoblastic leukemia characterized by a neoplasm of lymphoblasts committed to the T-cell lineage, involving bone marrow and blood. A value of >25% bone marrow blasts may be used to define leukemia (as opposed to lymphoma) in cases with the presence of a mass lesion in addition to bone marrow involvement. Patients typically present with leukocytosis, and frequently with a large mediastinal or other tissue mass. Lymphadenopathy and are common.

Orphanet entry

Cross-references

Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.

Additional Mondo synonyms (4)

precursor T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma · precursor T-cell acute lymphocytic leukaemia · precursor T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia · precursor T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia/lymphoma

Research stages

Trial readiness signals

Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”

2/6 stages with a signal

An interventional trial matched this condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov — see trials below.

  1. Gene identifiedNot found

    No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build

  2. LiteraturePresent

    25,917 matched papers (15,138 in last 10 years) Source

  3. Phenotype characterisedNot found

    No HPO disease–phenotype associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs

  4. Animal modelNot found

    No Alliance genotype “model of” associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs

  5. Orphan designationNot found

    No FDA or EMA orphan-drug designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name Source

  6. Interventional trialPresent

    15 matched on ClinicalTrials.gov (8 recruiting in sample)

Biology

Genes and phenotypes

Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.

Do we know what causes it?

Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.

No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.

Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)

None returned for this Mondo ID. That often means “not linked under this ID,” not “no clinical features.”

Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)

None returned for this Mondo ID. Empty here is not proof that no model organism work exists under another name or gene.

Monarch fetch 2026-07-29

Therapies

Designations, candidates, and chemicals

FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.

Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)

No designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name on the FDA OOPD mirror or EMA orphan register. Absence here is not proof that none exists under another wording.

Open Targets candidates

No drugs or clinical candidates returned for this Mondo ID on Open Targets.

CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)

No CTD chemical associations returned for this Mondo ID.

Literature

Is anyone studying this?

25,917

25,917 papers — among the better-studied rare conditions, though still a fraction of common-disease literature (breast cancer: over 700,000). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.

25,917 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).

15,138 in the last 10 years · low confidence

Phrase hits: 25,917 · MeSH hits: 0

Open Europe PMC search

Who's working on it?

1,517

Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.

Who's working on it?

People publishing on this condition (sampled Europe PMC records). Affiliation is the most recent found in that sample.

  1. 01
    Li Y10 papers · 2026

    Department of Graduate School, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, 075000, The People's Republic of China. yanli0816@hbghospital.cn.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  2. 02
    Teachey DT8 papers · 2026

    Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  3. 03
    Wang L8 papers · 2026

    State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  4. 04
    Zhang L8 papers · 2026

    Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. Electronic address: zhangl_1999@njucm.edu.cn.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  5. 05
    Wang J7 papers · 2026

    Department of Hematology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  6. 06
    Wang Y7 papers · 2026

    Department of Hematology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China. Electronic address: wendy_yantai@163.com.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  7. 07
    Pölönen P6 papers · 2026

    Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  8. 08
    Zhang H6 papers · 2026

    Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  9. 09
    Chen X5 papers · 2026

    State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  10. 10
    Li M5 papers · 2026

    Department of Hematology, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Western Theater, No. 270, Rongdu Avenue, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan, P.R. China.

    Papers in Europe PMC

Clinical research

Is a treatment being tested?

15

interventional trials for this specific condition

15 interventional trials matched this specific condition name; 8 currently recruiting in our sample. 1,457 trials are registered for acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the broader category — shown separately because they may or may not enrol this specific subtype.

Data as of 11 September 2026

15 interventional trials — more than 77.2% of diseases in the trials denominator have none at all (5501 of 7126; this disease is at the 94th percentile).

low confidence · 94th percentile (trials denominator)

Recruiting interventional trials

From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set

15 interventional trials matched after quoted-phrase search and title/condition post-filter.

Broader category: acute lymphoblastic leukemia

1,457

Interventional trials for the parent category, exclusive of NCT IDs already counted above. Eligibility for this subtype is not guaranteed.

Worth raising with a clinician. How we count trials.

Recruiting under the broader category

Observational and natural-history studies

1 observational study matches this condition. These do not test a treatment and are not counted in the interventional-trial headline, but they are genuine research: natural-history work often defines the endpoints needed for a future rare-disease trial, and families may be able to enroll.

None of the matched observational studies is currently listed as recruiting.

Open the complete matched search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Other registries (secondary)

Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.

raw 2 · after dedupe 2 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 2 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-30

Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri

No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).

Uncertain / not reviewed (2)

Where to find support

Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.

Orphanet entry for Precursor T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.

India — NPRD

Last verified 2026-07-26

This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.

Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.

How we counted this

Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.

"Precursor T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia" OR "Precursor T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma" OR "Precursor T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia" OR "Precursor T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia/lymphoma" OR "T-ALL" OR "precursor T-cell acute lymphocytic leukaemia"

Run this search on Europe PMC

ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):

"Precursor T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia" OR "Precursor T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma" OR "Precursor T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia" OR "Precursor T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia/lymphoma" OR "T-ALL" OR "precursor T-cell acute lymphocytic leukaemia"

Interventional trials matched via: phrase (mesh = registered under a MeSH descriptor no name phrase would catch; recall-expansion = gene / selected parent terms used only for trials).

Study-type breakdown: 15 interventional · 1 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.

Parent-category trials query:

"acute lymphoblastic leukemia"

Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase; with hits: phrase

Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Confidence reasoning

  • Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
  • No synonyms dropped by stoplist
  • No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
  • Publication count (25917) is extremely high with unknown/missing prevalence — treat as possible over-matching, not proven research intensity

Ingested 2026-07-27T06:25:45.391Z