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ORPHA:99829

Yellow fever

low confidenceDisorder

Also known as: Bronze John · YF · Yellow Jack

Publications

70,238

Trials

52

Interventional, condition-specific

Researchers

1,572

Distinct authors in sample

Gene link

—

Readiness

3/6

Stages with a signal

Clinical definition (Orphanet)

Yellow fever (YF), caused by YF virus, is a zoonotic disease characterized by fever and constitutional symptoms, with the potential to progress to severe and fatal viral hemorrhagic fever with shock and multi-organ system failure.

How rare: How common this is has not been clearly measured.

Orphanet entry

Cross-references

Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.

Additional Mondo synonyms (6)

Yellow fever Virus infection · Yellow fever virus caused disease or disorder · Yellow fever virus disease or disorder · Yellow fever virus infectious disease · bronze John · sylvatic yellow fever

Research stages

Trial readiness signals

Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”

3/6 stages with a signal

An interventional trial matched this condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov — see trials below.

  1. Gene identifiedNot found

    No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build

  2. LiteraturePresent

    70,238 matched papers (34,395 in last 10 years) Source

  3. Phenotype characterisedPresent

    49 HPO annotations (e.g. Hematemesis; Headache; Arthralgia) Source

  4. Animal modelNot found

    No Alliance genotype “model of” associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs

  5. Orphan designationNot found

    No FDA or EMA orphan-drug designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name Source

  6. Interventional trialPresent

    52 matched on ClinicalTrials.gov (8 recruiting in sample)

Biology

Genes and phenotypes

Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.

Do we know what causes it?

Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.

No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.

Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)

49

Associated phenotypes · MONDO:0020502

  • Hematemesis
  • Headache
  • Arthralgia
  • Elevated circulating creatine kinase activity
  • Elevated circulating creatinine concentration

Showing 5 of 49 — open Monarch for the full list.

Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)

None returned for this Mondo ID. Empty here is not proof that no model organism work exists under another name or gene.

Monarch fetch 2026-07-29

Therapies

Designations, candidates, and chemicals

FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.

Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)

No designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name on the FDA OOPD mirror or EMA orphan register. Absence here is not proof that none exists under another wording.

Open Targets candidates

No drugs or clinical candidates returned for this Mondo ID on Open Targets.

CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)

No CTD chemical associations returned for this Mondo ID.

Literature

Is anyone studying this?

70,238

70,238 papers — among the better-studied rare conditions, though still a fraction of common-disease literature (breast cancer: over 700,000). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.

70,238 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).

34,395 in the last 10 years · low confidence

Phrase hits: 70,238 · MeSH hits: 3,035

Open Europe PMC search

Who's working on it?

1,572

Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.

Who's working on it?

People publishing on this condition (sampled Europe PMC records). Affiliation is the most recent found in that sample.

  1. 01
    Rodriguez-Morales AJ7 papers · 2026

    Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  2. 02
    Medeiros-Sousa AR5 papers · 2026

    Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  3. 03
    Bonilla-Aldana DK4 papers · 2026

    College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  4. 04
    Bonilla-Aldana JL4 papers · 2026

    Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales Macagual, Universidad de La Amazonia, Florencia, Caqueta, Colombia.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  5. 05
    Chame M4 papers · 2026

    Institutional Platform on Biodiversity and Wildlife Health, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  6. 06
    Marrelli MT4 papers · 2025

    Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  7. 07
    Pinter A4 papers · 2026

    School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ)(USP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05508-270.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  8. 08
    Adegnika AA3 papers · 2026

    Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  9. 09
    Becker SC3 papers · 2026

    Institute for parasitology to RG for vector associated biodiversity and infection, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Hanover, Germany.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  10. 10
    Borrmann S3 papers · 2026

    Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon.

    Papers in Europe PMC

Clinical research

Is a treatment being tested?

52

interventional trials for this specific condition

52 interventional trials matched this specific condition name; 8 currently recruiting in our sample.

Data as of 11 September 2026

52 interventional trials — more than 77.2% of diseases in the trials denominator have none at all (5501 of 7126; this disease is at the 97.3th percentile).

low confidence · 97.3th percentile (trials denominator)

Recruiting interventional trials

From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set

52 interventional trials matched after quoted-phrase search and title/condition post-filter.

Observational and natural-history studies

13 observational studies match this condition. These do not test a treatment and are not counted in the interventional-trial headline, but they are genuine research: natural-history work often defines the endpoints needed for a future rare-disease trial, and families may be able to enroll.

Recruiting or not-yet-recruiting

Open the complete matched search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Other registries (secondary)

Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.

raw 46 · after dedupe 46 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 46 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-30

Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri

No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).

Uncertain / not reviewed (46)

Where to find support

Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.

Orphanet entry for Yellow fever — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.

India — NPRD

Last verified 2026-07-26

This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.

Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.

How we counted this

Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.

"Yellow fever" OR "Bronze John" OR "Yellow Jack" OR "Yellow fever Virus infection" OR "Yellow fever virus infectious disease" OR "sylvatic yellow fever"

Run this search on Europe PMC

MeSH descriptor terms unioned into the query: Yellow Fever

ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):

"Yellow fever" OR "Bronze John" OR "Yellow Jack" OR "Yellow fever Virus infection" OR "Yellow fever virus infectious disease" OR "sylvatic yellow fever"

Interventional trials matched via: both (mesh = registered under a MeSH descriptor no name phrase would catch; recall-expansion = gene / selected parent terms used only for trials).

Study-type breakdown: 52 interventional · 13 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.

Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase, mesh; with hits: phrase, mesh

Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Synonyms dropped by stoplist: YF; Yellow fever virus caused disease or disorder; Yellow fever virus disease or disorder

Confidence reasoning

  • Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
  • 1 synonym(s) dropped by stoplist (may under-count)
  • No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
  • Publication count (70238) is extremely high with unknown/missing prevalence — treat as possible over-matching, not proven research intensity

Ingested 2026-07-27T06:21:32.229Z