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ORPHA:98976

Congenital glaucoma

high confidenceDisorder

Also known as: Buphthalmia · Buphthalmos · Buphthalmus · Primary congenital glaucoma

Publications

6,875

92.8th percentile

Trials

21

Interventional, condition-specific

Researchers

963

Distinct authors in sample

Gene link

—

Readiness

2/6

Stages with a signal

Clinical definition (Orphanet)

A rare ophthalmic disorder characterized by an elevated intra-ocular pressure. The clinical presentation frequently associates an increase in the size of the eye, as well as corneal edema.

How rare: 1-9 / 100 000 — about one to nine people per hundred thousand.

Orphanet entry

Research stages

Trial readiness signals

Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”

2/6 stages with a signal

An interventional trial matched this condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov — see trials below.

  1. Gene identifiedNot found

    No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build

  2. LiteraturePresent

    6,875 matched papers (3,315 in last 10 years) Source

  3. Phenotype characterisedNot found

    No HPO disease–phenotype associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs

  4. Animal modelNot found

    No Alliance genotype “model of” associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs

  5. Orphan designationNot found

    No FDA or EMA orphan-drug designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name Source

  6. Interventional trialPresent

    21 matched on ClinicalTrials.gov (1 recruiting in sample)

Biology

Genes and phenotypes

Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.

Do we know what causes it?

Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.

No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.

Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)

None returned for this Mondo ID. That often means “not linked under this ID,” not “no clinical features.”

Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)

None returned for this Mondo ID. Empty here is not proof that no model organism work exists under another name or gene.

Monarch fetch 2026-07-29

Therapies

Designations, candidates, and chemicals

FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.

Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)

No designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name on the FDA OOPD mirror or EMA orphan register. Absence here is not proof that none exists under another wording.

Open Targets candidates

No drugs or clinical candidates returned for this Mondo ID on Open Targets.

CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)

No CTD chemical associations returned for this Mondo ID.

Literature

Is anyone studying this?

6,875

6,875 papers — among the better-studied rare conditions, though still a fraction of common-disease literature (breast cancer: over 700,000). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.

6,875 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).

3,315 in the last 10 years · high confidence · 92.8th percentile (publications denominator)

Phrase hits: 6,875 · MeSH hits: 0

Open Europe PMC search

Who's working on it?

963

Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.

Who's working on it?

People publishing on this condition (sampled Europe PMC records). Affiliation is the most recent found in that sample.

  1. 01
    Gupta V15 papers · 2026

    From the Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (S.G., A.P., R.A., A.K., A.K.P., V.G.), New Delhi, India.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  2. 02
    Gupta S12 papers · 2026

    From the Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (S.G., A.P., R.A., A.K., A.K.P., V.G.), New Delhi, India. Electronic address: shikhagupta@aiims.edu.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  3. 03
    Panigrahi A9 papers · 2026

    From the Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (S.G., A.P., R.A., A.K., A.K.P., V.G.), New Delhi, India.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  4. 04
    Kaushik S6 papers · 2025

    Advanced Eye Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  5. 05
    Bohnsack BL5 papers · 2026

    Division of Ophthalmology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. Electronic address: bbohnsack@luriechildrens.org.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  6. 06
    Elhusseiny AM5 papers · 2026

    Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address: abdelrhman.elhussieny@gmail.com.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  7. 07
    Mandal AK5 papers · 2026

    Jasti V Ramanamma Children's Eye Care Centre, Child Sight Institute, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  8. 08
    Pandav SS5 papers · 2025

    Advanced Eye Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  9. 09
    Elwehidy AS4 papers · 2026

    Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  10. 10
    Jacobson A4 papers · 2026

    Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

    Papers in Europe PMC

Clinical research

Is a treatment being tested?

21

interventional trials for this specific condition

21 interventional trials matched this specific condition name; 1 currently recruiting in our sample.

Data as of 11 September 2026

21 interventional trials — more than 77.2% of diseases in the trials denominator have none at all (5501 of 7126; this disease is at the 95th percentile).

high confidence · 95th percentile (trials denominator)

Recruiting interventional trials

From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set

21 interventional trials matched after quoted-phrase search and title/condition post-filter.

Observational and natural-history studies

4 observational studies match this condition. These do not test a treatment and are not counted in the interventional-trial headline, but they are genuine research: natural-history work often defines the endpoints needed for a future rare-disease trial, and families may be able to enroll.

Recruiting or not-yet-recruiting

Open the complete matched search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Other registries (secondary)

Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.

raw 15 · after dedupe 15 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 15 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-30

Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri

No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).

Uncertain / not reviewed (15)

Where to find support

Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.

Orphanet entry for Congenital glaucoma — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.

India — NPRD

Last verified 2026-07-26

This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.

Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.

How we counted this

Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.

"Congenital glaucoma" OR "Buphthalmia" OR "Buphthalmos" OR "Buphthalmus" OR "Primary congenital glaucoma"

Run this search on Europe PMC

ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):

"Congenital glaucoma" OR "Buphthalmia" OR "Buphthalmos" OR "Buphthalmus" OR "Primary congenital glaucoma"

Interventional trials matched via: phrase (mesh = registered under a MeSH descriptor no name phrase would catch; recall-expansion = gene / selected parent terms used only for trials).

Study-type breakdown: 21 interventional · 4 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.

Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase; with hits: phrase

Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Confidence reasoning

  • Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
  • No synonyms dropped by stoplist
  • No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus

Ingested 2026-07-27T05:50:25.584Z