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ORPHA:97214

Eisenmenger syndrome

medium confidenceDisorder

Publications

3,228

95th percentile

Trials

13

Interventional, condition-specific

Researchers

1,153

Distinct authors in sample

Gene link

—

Readiness

2/6

Stages with a signal

Clinical definition (Orphanet)

A rare respiratory disease associated with unoperated heart disease and characterized by heart malformations with reversed or bi-directional shunting through an intra-cardiac or intervascular (usually aorto-pulmonary) communication with the development of PAH.

How rare: 1-9 / 1 000 000 — roughly one to nine people per million. In a city the size of Kolkata, perhaps a few dozen.

Orphanet entry

Cross-references

Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.

Additional Mondo synonyms (1)

Eisenmenger's syndrome

Research stages

Trial readiness signals

Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”

2/6 stages with a signal

An interventional trial matched this condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov — see trials below.

  1. Gene identifiedNot found

    No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build

  2. LiteraturePresent

    3,228 matched papers (1,667 in last 10 years) Source

  3. Phenotype characterisedNot checked

    Not yet enriched from Monarch / HPO

  4. Animal modelNot checked

    Not yet enriched from Monarch / Alliance

  5. Orphan designationNot checked

    FDA/EMA orphan-drug designation not enriched yet

  6. Interventional trialPresent

    13 matched on ClinicalTrials.gov (3 recruiting in sample)

Biology

Genes and phenotypes

Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.

Do we know what causes it?

Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.

No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.

Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)

Not enriched in this build — Monarch phenotype joins were not run for this record.

Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)

Not enriched in this build.

Literature

Is anyone studying this?

3,228

3,228 papers have been published on this condition. That is a real research literature — still far smaller than common diseases (breast cancer: over 700,000 papers). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=5449) is 41.

3,228 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 41 (publications denominator n=5449).

1,667 in the last 10 years · medium confidence · 95th percentile (publications denominator)

Phrase hits: 3,226 · MeSH hits: 5

Open Europe PMC search

Who's working on it?

1,153

Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.

Who's working on it?

People publishing on this condition (sampled Europe PMC records). Affiliation is the most recent found in that sample.

  1. 01
    Dimopoulos K6 papers · 2026

    Adult Congenital Heart Centre and Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  2. 02
    Wang J5 papers · 2026

    Department of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, 644000, China. jwang1326@outlook.com.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  3. 03
    Gatzoulis MA4 papers · 2026

    Guy's St Thomas Royal Brompton and Harefield ACHD, Royal Brompton Hospital & National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  4. 04
    Savale L4 papers · 2026

    Paris-Saclay University, INSERM UMR_S 999, Hypertension Pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique (HPPIT), AP-HP, Hôpital Bicêtre, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, ERN-LUNG, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  5. 05
    Bositthipichet D3 papers · 2025

    Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  6. 06
    Chaiwangyen N3 papers · 2025

    Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  7. 07
    Chanthong P3 papers · 2025

    Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  8. 08
    Chungsomprasong P3 papers · 2025

    Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  9. 09
    D'Alto M3 papers · 2026

    Adult Congenital Heart Disease Unit, Department of Cardiology, Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  10. 10
    Durongpisitkul K3 papers · 2025

    Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

    Papers in Europe PMC

Clinical research

Is a treatment being tested?

13

interventional trials for this specific condition

13 interventional trials matched this specific condition name; 3 currently recruiting in our sample.

Data as of 27 July 2026

13 interventional trials — more than 73% of diseases in the trials denominator have none at all (5114 of 7003; this disease is at the 92.8th percentile).

medium confidence · 92.8th percentile (trials denominator)

Recruiting interventional trials

From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set

13 interventional trials matched after quoted-phrase search and title/condition post-filter.

Observational and natural-history studies

6 observational studies match this condition. These do not test a treatment and are not counted in the interventional-trial headline, but they are genuine research: natural-history work often defines the endpoints needed for a future rare-disease trial, and families may be able to enroll.

None of the matched observational studies is currently listed as recruiting.

Open the complete matched search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Where to find support

We do not yet link condition-specific patient organisations. These umbrella groups support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families:

India — NPRD

Last verified 2026-07-26

This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.

Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.

How we counted this

Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.

"Eisenmenger syndrome" OR "Eisenmenger's syndrome"

Run this search on Europe PMC

MeSH descriptor terms unioned into the query: Eisenmenger Complex

ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):

"Eisenmenger syndrome" OR "Eisenmenger's syndrome" OR "Eisenmenger Complex"

Interventional trials matched via: both, phrase (mesh = registered under a MeSH descriptor no name phrase would catch; recall-expansion = gene / selected parent terms used only for trials).

Study-type breakdown: 13 interventional · 6 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.

Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase, mesh; with hits: phrase, mesh

Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Confidence reasoning

  • Preferred label is short or not clearly distinctive
  • No synonyms dropped by stoplist
  • No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus

Ingested 2026-07-27T05:02:15.569Z