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ORPHA:95613

Pituitary apoplexy

low confidenceDisorder

Also known as: Pituitary tumor apoplexy

Publications

3,552

Trials

0

Interventional, condition-specific

Researchers

960

Distinct authors in sample

Gene link

—

Readiness

2/6

Stages with a signal

Clinical definition (Orphanet)

A rare pituitary disease characterized by hemorrhagic or non-hemorrhagic necrosis of the pituitary gland. Clinical manifestations typically comprise sudden and severe headache (often with nausea and vomiting), visual disturbances (visual-field defects, loss of visual acuity), oculomotor palsies, and variable degrees of altered consciousness, ranging from lethargy to coma. Acute endocrine dysfunction may also be present, most commonly corticotropic deficiency with severe hypotension and hyponatremia as well as secondary adrenal failure, but also thyrotropic and gonadotropic deficiency.

How rare: How common this is has not been clearly measured.

Orphanet entry

Cross-references

Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.

Additional Mondo synonyms (1)

pituitary gland apoplexy

Research stages

Trial readiness signals

Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”

2/6 stages with a signal

Research-stage checklist from open sources (GenCC, literature, Monarch when enriched, ClinicalTrials.gov). Not a prognosis or care recommendation.

  1. Gene identifiedNot found

    No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build

  2. LiteraturePresent

    3,552 matched papers (1,948 in last 10 years) Source

  3. Phenotype characterisedPresent

    41 HPO annotations (e.g. Bitemporal hemianopia; Thunderclap headache; Impotence) Source

  4. Animal modelNot found

    No Alliance genotype “model of” associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs

  5. Orphan designationNot found

    No FDA or EMA orphan-drug designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name Source

  6. Interventional trialNot found

    No matched interventional trial under our ClinicalTrials.gov rules

Biology

Genes and phenotypes

Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.

Do we know what causes it?

Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.

No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.

Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)

41

Associated phenotypes · MONDO:0006908

  • Bitemporal hemianopia
  • Thunderclap headache
  • Impotence
  • Hypertension
  • Nausea and vomiting

Showing 5 of 41 — open Monarch for the full list.

Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)

None returned for this Mondo ID. Empty here is not proof that no model organism work exists under another name or gene.

Monarch fetch 2026-07-29

Therapies

Designations, candidates, and chemicals

FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.

Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)

No designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name on the FDA OOPD mirror or EMA orphan register. Absence here is not proof that none exists under another wording.

Open Targets candidates

No drugs or clinical candidates returned for this Mondo ID on Open Targets.

CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)

9 associated chemicals · 8 pathways. Therapeutic evidence is listed first when present — not a treatment recommendation.

  • Dexamethasone · therapeutic
  • Bromocriptine · marker/mechanism
  • Chlorpromazine · marker/mechanism
  • Clomiphene · marker/mechanism
  • Gadolinium DTPA · marker/mechanism
  • Heparin · marker/mechanism
  • Isosorbide Dinitrate · marker/mechanism
  • isosorbide-5-mononitrate · marker/mechanism
  • Leuprolide · marker/mechanism

Pathways: Long-term depression; Alcoholism; Signal Transduction; Signaling by GPCR; Class B/2 (Secretin family receptors); GPCR downstream signaling; G alpha (s) signalling events; GPCR ligand binding

MyDisease.info · MONDO:0006908

Literature

Is anyone studying this?

3,552

3,552 papers have been published on this condition. That is a real research literature — still far smaller than common diseases (breast cancer: over 700,000 papers). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.

3,552 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).

1,948 in the last 10 years · low confidence

Phrase hits: 3,552 · MeSH hits: 82

Open Europe PMC search

Who's working on it?

960

Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.

Who's working on it?

No interventional trial matched this name; these authors publish on it in the sampled literature — a practical starting point for contact.

  1. 01
    Araujo-Castro M8 papers · 2026

    Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain. marta.araujo@salud.madrid.org.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  2. 02
    Biagetti B6 papers · 2026

    Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebrón, CIBERER U747 (ISCIII), ENDO-ERN, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona , Spain.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  3. 03
    Iglesias P6 papers · 2026

    Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro Segovia de Arana, 28222 Madrid, Spain.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  4. 04
    Vicente A5 papers · 2026

    Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Toledo, Toledo , Spain.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  5. 05
    Cordero Asanza E4 papers · 2026

    Neurosurgery Department, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebrón, Departament de Cirurgia i Ciències Morfològiques, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona , Spain.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  6. 06
    Gallach M4 papers · 2026

    Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario De Albacete, Albacete , Spain.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  7. 07
    Guerrero-Pérez F4 papers · 2026

    Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona , Spain.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  8. 08
    Lamas C4 papers · 2026

    Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario De Albacete, Albacete , Spain.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  9. 09
    Moure Rodríguez MD4 papers · 2026

    Endocrinology & Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Cruces, Bilbao , Spain.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  10. 10
    Pérez-López C4 papers · 2025

    Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid , Spain.

    Papers in Europe PMC

Clinical research

Is a treatment being tested?

0

interventional trials for this specific condition

No interventional trial testing a treatment matched this specific condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov (observational studies and pan-disease registries are listed separately when present).

Data as of 11 September 2026 · last trial check 11 September 2026

No matched interventional trials. This is true for 77.2% of diseases in the trials denominator (5501 of 7126). Here are the researchers publishing on it.

low confidence · 38.6th percentile (trials denominator)

Recruiting interventional trials

From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set

No interventional trial testing a treatment was found for this specific condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov.

See who's working on it — people publishing on this disease are often the practical next contact when no trial is listed.

Other registries (secondary)

Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.

raw 1 · after dedupe 1 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 1 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-30

Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri

No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).

Uncertain / not reviewed (1)

Where to find support

Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.

Orphanet entry for Pituitary apoplexy — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.

India — NPRD

Last verified 2026-07-26

This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.

Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.

How we counted this

Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.

"Pituitary apoplexy" OR "Pituitary tumor apoplexy" OR "pituitary gland apoplexy"

Run this search on Europe PMC

MeSH descriptor terms unioned into the query: Pituitary Apoplexy

ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):

"Pituitary apoplexy" OR "Pituitary tumor apoplexy" OR "pituitary gland apoplexy"

Study-type breakdown: 0 interventional · 0 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.

Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase, mesh; with hits: phrase, mesh

Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Confidence reasoning

  • Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
  • No synonyms dropped by stoplist
  • No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
  • Publication count (3552) is extremely high with unknown/missing prevalence — treat as possible over-matching, not proven research intensity

Ingested 2026-07-27T04:47:23.465Z