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ORPHA:90035

Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria

medium confidenceDisorder

Also known as: Donath-Landsteiner hemolytic anemia · Donath-Landsteiner syndrome · PCH

Publications

451

69.9th percentile

Trials

0

Interventional, condition-specific

Researchers

954

Distinct authors in sample

Gene link

—

Readiness

2/6

Stages with a signal

Clinical definition (Orphanet)

Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (PCH) is a very rare subtype of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), caused by the presence of cold-reacting autoantibodies in the blood and characterized by the sudden presence of hemoglobinuria, typically after exposure to cold temperatures.

How rare: 1-9 / 1 000 000 — roughly one to nine people per million. In a city the size of Kolkata, perhaps a few dozen.

Orphanet entry

Cross-references

Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.

Additional Mondo synonyms (1)

Donath-Landsteiner hemolytic anaemia

Research stages

Trial readiness signals

Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”

2/6 stages with a signal

Research-stage checklist from open sources (GenCC, literature, Monarch when enriched, ClinicalTrials.gov). Not a prognosis or care recommendation.

  1. Gene identifiedNot found

    No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build

  2. LiteraturePresent

    451 matched papers (223 in last 10 years) Source

  3. Phenotype characterisedPresent

    11 HPO annotations (e.g. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia; Recurrent respiratory infections; Arthralgia) Source

  4. Animal modelNot found

    No Alliance genotype “model of” associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs

  5. Orphan designationNot found

    No FDA or EMA orphan-drug designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name Source

  6. Interventional trialNot found

    No matched interventional trial under our ClinicalTrials.gov rules

Biology

Genes and phenotypes

Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.

Do we know what causes it?

Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.

No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.

Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)

11

Associated phenotypes · MONDO:0019533

  • Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
  • Recurrent respiratory infections
  • Arthralgia
  • Back pain
  • Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia

Showing 5 of 11 — open Monarch for the full list.

Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)

None returned for this Mondo ID. Empty here is not proof that no model organism work exists under another name or gene.

Monarch fetch 2026-07-29

Therapies

Designations, candidates, and chemicals

FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.

Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)

No designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name on the FDA OOPD mirror or EMA orphan register. Absence here is not proof that none exists under another wording.

Open Targets candidates

No drugs or clinical candidates returned for this Mondo ID on Open Targets.

CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)

No CTD chemical associations returned for this Mondo ID.

Literature

Is anyone studying this?

451

451 papers have ever been published on this condition (under this name). For scale, breast cancer has over 700,000. Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.

451 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).

223 in the last 10 years · medium confidence · 69.9th percentile (publications denominator)

Phrase hits: 451 · MeSH hits: 0

Open Europe PMC search

Who's working on it?

954

Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.

Who's working on it?

No interventional trial matched this name; these authors publish on it in the sampled literature — a practical starting point for contact.

  1. 01
    Berentsen S8 papers · 2024

    Department of Medicine, Haugesund Hospital, Helse Fonna, P.O. Box 2170, 5504 Haugesund, Norway.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  2. 02
    Jacobs JW8 papers · 2026

    Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  3. 03
    Adkins BD6 papers · 2025

    Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  4. 04
    Booth GS6 papers · 2025

    Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  5. 05
    Barcellini W5 papers · 2025

    UO Ematologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  6. 06
    Fattizzo B5 papers · 2025

    UO Ematologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  7. 07
    Stephens LD4 papers · 2025

    Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  8. 08
    Woo JS4 papers · 2025

    Department of Pathology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Irvine, California, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  9. 09
    Bloch EM3 papers · 2026

    Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  10. 10
    Cserti-Gazdewich C3 papers · 2024

    University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

    Papers in Europe PMC

Clinical research

Is a treatment being tested?

0

interventional trials for this specific condition

No interventional trial testing a treatment matched this specific condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov (observational studies and pan-disease registries are listed separately when present).

Data as of 11 September 2026 · last trial check 11 September 2026

No matched interventional trials. This is true for 77.2% of diseases in the trials denominator (5501 of 7126). Here are the researchers publishing on it.

medium confidence · 38.6th percentile (trials denominator)

Recruiting interventional trials

From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set

No interventional trial testing a treatment was found for this specific condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov.

See who's working on it — people publishing on this disease are often the practical next contact when no trial is listed.

Other registries (secondary)

Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.

raw 2 · after dedupe 2 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 2 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-30

Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri

No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).

Uncertain / not reviewed (2)

Where to find support

Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.

Orphanet entry for Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.

India — NPRD

Last verified 2026-07-26

This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.

Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.

How we counted this

Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.

"Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria" OR "Donath-Landsteiner hemolytic anemia" OR "Donath-Landsteiner syndrome" OR "Donath-Landsteiner hemolytic anaemia"

Run this search on Europe PMC

ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):

"Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria" OR "Donath-Landsteiner hemolytic anemia" OR "Donath-Landsteiner syndrome" OR "Donath-Landsteiner hemolytic anaemia"

Study-type breakdown: 0 interventional · 0 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.

Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase; with hits: phrase

Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Synonyms dropped by stoplist: PCH

Confidence reasoning

  • Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
  • 1 synonym(s) dropped by stoplist (may under-count)
  • No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus

Ingested 2026-07-27T03:30:27.470Z