ORPHA:85276
X-linked intellectual disability, Armfield type
Also known as: Armfield syndrome
Query health: suspect — Only one of 3 strategies returned hits (phrase).
Publications
25
37.8th percentile
Trials
0
Interventional, condition-specific
Researchers
461
Distinct authors in sample
Gene link
FAM50A
Strong
Readiness
2/6
Stages with a signal
Clinical definition (Orphanet)
X-linked , Armfield type is characterised by intellectual deficiency, short stature, , and small hands and feet. It has been described in six males from three generations of one family. Three of them also had cataracts/glaucoma and two of them had cleft palate. The locus has been mapped to the terminal 8 Mb of Xq28.
How rare: <1 / 1 000 000 — fewer than one in a million. In a city the size of Kolkata, that might mean on the order of fifteen people.
Cross-references
Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.
- MONDO:0010284
- MeSH:C564551
- OMIM:300261
- UMLS:C1846057
Additional Mondo synonyms (7)
Armfield X-linked intellectual disability syndrome · Armfield X-linked mental retardation syndrome · MRXSA · intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked, syndromic, Armfield type, X-linked recessive · intellectual disability syndrome, X-linked, Armfield type · mental retardation syndrome, X-linked, armfield type, X-linked recessive · syndromic X-linked intellectual disability Armfield type
Research stages
Trial readiness signals
Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”
2/6 stages with a signal
No matched interventional trial; the gene is known and literature exists — preclinical or natural-history work may still be the practical next step.
- Gene identifiedPresent
Strong — FAM50A
- LiteraturePresent
25 matched papers (21 in last 10 years) Source
- Phenotype characterisedNot checked
Not yet enriched from Monarch / HPO
- Animal modelNot checked
Not yet enriched from Monarch / Alliance
- Orphan designationNot checked
FDA/EMA orphan-drug designation not enriched yet
- Interventional trialNot found
No matched interventional trial under our ClinicalTrials.gov rules
Biology
Genes and phenotypes
Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.
Do we know what causes it?
Yes — we know a specific gene responsible (FAM50A).
GenCC classification: Strong.
Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)
Not enriched in this build — Monarch phenotype joins were not run for this record.
Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)
Not enriched in this build.
Literature
Is anyone studying this?
25
25 papers have ever been published on this condition (under this name). For scale, breast cancer has over 700,000. Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=5449) is 41.
25 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 41 (publications denominator n=5449).
21 in the last 10 years · high confidence · 37.8th percentile (publications denominator)
Phrase hits: 25 · MeSH hits: 0
Who's working on it?
461
Distinct author names in 25 sampled papers — named people below.
Who's working on it?
No interventional trial matched this name; these authors publish on it in the sampled literature — a practical starting point for contact.
- 01Sadikovic B12 papers · 2025
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
Papers in Europe PMC - 02Haghshenas S9 papers · 2024
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
Papers in Europe PMC - 03McConkey H9 papers · 2025
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N5A 3K7, Canada; Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Science Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada.
Papers in Europe PMC - 04Kerkhof J8 papers · 2024
Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Science Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada.
Papers in Europe PMC - 05Levy MA8 papers · 2025
Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada.
Papers in Europe PMC - 06Relator R7 papers · 2025
Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Science Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada.
Papers in Europe PMC - 07Rooney K5 papers · 2025
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
Papers in Europe PMC - 08
- 09Bogaert E3 papers · 2025
Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Papers in Europe PMC - 10Foroutan A3 papers · 2024
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
Papers in Europe PMC
Clinical research
Is a treatment being tested?
0
interventional trials for this specific condition
No interventional trial testing a treatment matched this specific condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov (observational studies and pan-disease registries are listed separately when present).
Data as of 27 July 2026
No matched interventional trials. This is true for 73% of diseases in the trials denominator (5114 of 7003). Here are the researchers publishing on it.
high confidence · 36.5th percentile (trials denominator)
Recruiting interventional trials
From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set
No interventional trial testing a treatment was found for this specific condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov.
See who's working on it — people publishing on this disease are often the practical next contact when no trial is listed.
Where to find support
We do not yet link condition-specific patient organisations. These umbrella groups support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families:
India — NPRD
Last verified 2026-07-26This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.
Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.
How we counted this
Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.
"X-linked intellectual disability, Armfield type" OR "Armfield syndrome" OR "Armfield X-linked intellectual disability syndrome" OR "Armfield X-linked mental retardation syndrome" OR "MRXSA" OR "intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked, syndromic, Armfield type, X-linked recessive" OR "intellectual disability syndrome, X-linked, Armfield type" OR "mental retardation syndrome, X-linked, armfield type, X-linked recessive" OR "syndromic X-linked intellectual disability Armfield type"
MeSH descriptor terms unioned into the query: Armfield X-Linked Mental Retardation Syndrome
ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):
"X-linked intellectual disability, Armfield type" OR "Armfield syndrome" OR "Armfield X-linked intellectual disability syndrome" OR "Armfield X-linked mental retardation syndrome" OR "MRXSA" OR "intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked, syndromic, Armfield type, X-linked recessive" OR "intellectual disability syndrome, X-linked, Armfield type" OR "mental retardation syndrome, X-linked, armfield type, X-linked recessive" OR "syndromic X-linked intellectual disability Armfield type" OR "FAM50A"
Recall-expansion terms: FAM50A
Study-type breakdown: 0 interventional · 0 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.
Query health: suspect — strategies attempted: phrase, mesh, recall-expansion; with hits: phrase
Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov
Confidence reasoning
- Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
- No synonyms dropped by stoplist
- No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
Ingested 2026-07-27T02:51:21.309Z