ORPHA:83315
Murine typhus
Also known as: Endemic typhus · Flea-borne typhus
Publications
3,851
Trials
0
Interventional, condition-specific
Researchers
967
Distinct authors in sample
Gene link
—
Readiness
2/6
Stages with a signal
Clinical definition (Orphanet)
A Rickettsial disease characterized by headache, fever and macular or maculopapular rash, with only one-third of patients manifesting all three symptoms. Other common symptoms are chills, malaise, stomach pain, myalgia, loss of appetite, and in some cases confusion and altered level of consciousness. Classical laboratory abnormalities include elevated liver enzymes, lactate dehydrogenase, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and hypoalbuminemia. In children, typical symptoms occur in only half of patients, and abdominal pain, diarrhea, sore throat and anemia are more common.
How rare: How common this is has not been clearly measured.
Cross-references
Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.
- MONDO:0000330
- MeSH:D014437
- UMLS:C0041472
- NCIT:C84688
Additional Mondo synonyms (4)
endemic flea-borne typhus · endemic typhus fever · murine typhus · urban typhus
Research stages
Trial readiness signals
Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”
2/6 stages with a signal
No specific-condition interventional trial, but broader-category trials exist — discuss eligibility with a clinician.
- Gene identifiedNot found
No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build
- LiteraturePresent
3,851 matched papers (1,367 in last 10 years) Source
- Phenotype characterisedNot found
No HPO disease–phenotype associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs
- Animal modelNot found
No Alliance genotype “model of” associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs
- Orphan designationNot found
No FDA or EMA orphan-drug designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name Source
- Interventional trialPartial
None under the specific name; 4 for broader category typhus
Biology
Genes and phenotypes
Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.
Do we know what causes it?
Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.
No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.
Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)
None returned for this Mondo ID. That often means “not linked under this ID,” not “no clinical features.”
Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)
None returned for this Mondo ID. Empty here is not proof that no model organism work exists under another name or gene.
Monarch fetch 2026-07-29
Therapies
Designations, candidates, and chemicals
FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.
Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)
No designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name on the FDA OOPD mirror or EMA orphan register. Absence here is not proof that none exists under another wording.
Open Targets candidates
No drugs or clinical candidates returned for this Mondo ID on Open Targets.
CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)
2 associated chemicals. Therapeutic evidence is listed first when present — not a treatment recommendation.
- Azithromycin · therapeutic
- Prednisolone · therapeutic
Literature
Is anyone studying this?
3,851
3,851 papers have been published on this condition. That is a real research literature — still far smaller than common diseases (breast cancer: over 700,000 papers). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.
3,851 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).
1,367 in the last 10 years · low confidence
Phrase hits: 3,848 · MeSH hits: 4
Who's working on it?
967
Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.
Who's working on it?
No interventional trial matched this name; these authors publish on it in the sampled literature — a practical starting point for contact.
- 01Blanton LS12 papers · 2026
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.
Papers in Europe PMC - 02Robinson MT10 papers · 2026
Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit, Microbiology Laboratory, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic.
Papers in Europe PMC - 03Anstead GM8 papers · 2026
Medical Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
Papers in Europe PMC - 04
- 05Phommasone K7 papers · 2026
Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit, Microbiology Laboratory, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic.
Papers in Europe PMC - 06Mayxay M6 papers · 2026
Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit, Microbiology Laboratory, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic.
Papers in Europe PMC - 07
- 08
- 09Ashley EA5 papers · 2026
Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit, Microbiology Laboratory, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic.
Papers in Europe PMC - 10Blacksell SD5 papers · 2026
Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, Australia.
Papers in Europe PMC
Clinical research
Is a treatment being tested?
0
interventional trials for this specific condition
No interventional trial testing a treatment matched this specific condition name. 1 observational study did — shown below because natural-history and cohort work can be an important step toward a trial. 4 trials are registered for typhus, the broader category — shown separately because they may or may not enrol this specific subtype.
Data as of 11 September 2026 · last trial check 11 September 2026
No matched interventional trials. This is true for 77.2% of diseases in the trials denominator (5501 of 7126). Here are the researchers publishing on it.
low confidence · 38.6th percentile (trials denominator)
Recruiting interventional trials
From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set
No interventional trial testing a treatment was found for this specific condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov.
4 interventional trials matched typhus, the broader category — listed below. Those studies are not counted in the condition-specific total.
Broader category: typhus
4
Interventional trials for the parent category, exclusive of NCT IDs already counted above. Eligibility for this subtype is not guaranteed.
Worth raising with a clinician. How we count trials.
Observational and natural-history studies
1 observational study matches this condition. These do not test a treatment and are not counted in the interventional-trial headline, but they are genuine research: natural-history work often defines the endpoints needed for a future rare-disease trial, and families may be able to enroll.
None of the matched observational studies is currently listed as recruiting.
Other registries (secondary)
Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.
raw 2 · after dedupe 2 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 2 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-30
Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri
No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).
Uncertain / not reviewed (2)
- isrctn·ISRCTN47812566·No longer recruiting·Oral doxycycline versus oral azithromycin in the treatment of Scrub and Murine Typhus in Laos
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- isrctn·ISRCTN18065452·No longer recruiting·The azithromycin and cefixime treatment of typhoid in South Asia trial
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
Where to find support
Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.
Orphanet entry for Murine typhus — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.
India — NPRD
Last verified 2026-07-26This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.
Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.
How we counted this
Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.
"Murine typhus" OR "Endemic typhus" OR "Flea-borne typhus" OR "endemic flea-borne typhus" OR "endemic typhus fever" OR "urban typhus"
MeSH descriptor terms unioned into the query: Typhus, Endemic Flea-Borne
ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):
"Murine typhus" OR "Endemic typhus" OR "Flea-borne typhus" OR "endemic flea-borne typhus" OR "endemic typhus fever" OR "urban typhus" OR "Typhus, Endemic Flea-Borne"
Study-type breakdown: 0 interventional · 1 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.
Parent-category trials query:
"typhus"
Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase, mesh; with hits: phrase, mesh
Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov
Confidence reasoning
- Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
- No synonyms dropped by stoplist
- No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
- Publication count (3851) is extremely high with unknown/missing prevalence — treat as possible over-matching, not proven research intensity
Ingested 2026-07-27T02:33:58.757Z