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ORPHA:757

Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2

low confidenceDisorder

Also known as: Chloride shunt syndrome · Familial hyperkalemic hypertension · Gordon hyperkalemia-hypertension syndrome · Hyperkalemia-hypertension syndrome, Gordon type · Hypertensive hyperkalemia · Mineralocorticoid resistant hyperkalemia · PHA2 · PHAII · Spitzer-Weinstein syndrome

Publications

1,344

Trials

1

Interventional, condition-specific

Researchers

875

Distinct authors in sample

Gene link

—

Readiness

3/6

Stages with a signal

Clinical definition (Orphanet)

A rare genetic form of hypertension characterized by hyperkalemia, mild hyperchloremic , normal or elevated aldosterone, low renin, with normal renal glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

How rare: How common this is has not been clearly measured.

Orphanet entry

Cross-references

Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.

Additional Mondo synonyms (7)

chloride shunt syndrome · familial hyperkalemic hypertension · hyperkalemia-hypertension syndrome, Gordon type · hypertensive hyperkalemia · mineralocorticoid resistant hyperkalemia · pseudohypoaldosteronism, type 2 · pseudohypoaldosteronism, type II

Research stages

Trial readiness signals

Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”

3/6 stages with a signal

An interventional trial matched this condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov — see trials below.

  1. Gene identifiedNot found

    No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build

  2. LiteraturePresent

    1,344 matched papers (605 in last 10 years) Source

  3. Phenotype characterisedPresent

    38 HPO annotations (e.g. Growth delay; Hyperkalemia; Muscle weakness) Source

  4. Animal modelNot found

    No Alliance genotype “model of” associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs

  5. Orphan designationNot found

    No FDA or EMA orphan-drug designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name Source

  6. Interventional trialPresent

    1 matched on ClinicalTrials.gov

Biology

Genes and phenotypes

Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.

Do we know what causes it?

Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.

No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.

Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)

38

Associated phenotypes · MONDO:0019162

  • Growth delay
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Muscle weakness
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Short stature

Showing 5 of 38 — open Monarch for the full list.

Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)

None returned for this Mondo ID. Empty here is not proof that no model organism work exists under another name or gene.

Monarch fetch 2026-07-27

Therapies

Designations, candidates, and chemicals

FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.

Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)

No designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name on the FDA OOPD mirror or EMA orphan register. Absence here is not proof that none exists under another wording.

Open Targets candidates

No drugs or clinical candidates returned for this Mondo ID on Open Targets.

CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)

No CTD chemical associations returned for this Mondo ID.

Literature

Is anyone studying this?

1,344

1,344 papers have been published on this condition. That is a real research literature — still far smaller than common diseases (breast cancer: over 700,000 papers). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.

1,344 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).

605 in the last 10 years · low confidence

Phrase hits: 1,344 · MeSH hits: 0

Open Europe PMC search

Who's working on it?

875

Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.

Who's working on it?

People publishing on this condition (sampled Europe PMC records). Affiliation is the most recent found in that sample.

  1. 01
    Ellison DH16 papers · 2025

    Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; ellisond@ohsu.edu.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  2. 02
    Uchida S13 papers · 2025

    Department of Nephrology, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  3. 03
    Gamba G12 papers · 2025

    Molecular Physiology Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, and Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; email: gamba@biomedicas.unam.mx.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  4. 04
    McCormick JA12 papers · 2024

    Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  5. 05
    Sohara E10 papers · 2025

    Department of Nephrology, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  6. 06
    Cornelius RJ9 papers · 2024

    Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  7. 07
    Castañeda-Bueno M8 papers · 2025

    Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  8. 08
    Mori T8 papers · 2025

    Department of Nephrology, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  9. 09
    Zhang Y8 papers · 2026

    Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, No.15 Dongxiaoyun Street, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157009, China.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  10. 10
    Maeoka Y7 papers · 2024

    Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States.

    Papers in Europe PMC

Clinical research

Is a treatment being tested?

1

interventional trials for this specific condition

1 interventional trial matched this specific condition name; none in our sample are currently recruiting. 1 trial are registered for pseudohypoaldosteronism, the broader category — shown separately because they may or may not enrol this specific subtype.

Data as of 9 September 2026

1 interventional trial — more than 77.2% of diseases in the trials denominator have none at all (5501 of 7126; this disease is at the 80.1th percentile).

low confidence · 80.1th percentile (trials denominator)

Recruiting interventional trials

From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set

1 interventional trials matched after quoted-phrase search and title/condition post-filter.

No currently recruiting studies in the matched set. Open the same search on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Broader category: pseudohypoaldosteronism

1

Interventional trials for the parent category, exclusive of NCT IDs already counted above. Eligibility for this subtype is not guaranteed.

Worth raising with a clinician. How we count trials.

Observational and natural-history studies

1 observational study matches this condition. These do not test a treatment and are not counted in the interventional-trial headline, but they are genuine research: natural-history work often defines the endpoints needed for a future rare-disease trial, and families may be able to enroll.

None of the matched observational studies is currently listed as recruiting.

Open the complete matched search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Other registries (secondary)

Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.

raw 1 · after dedupe 1 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 0 · dropped 1 · fetched 2026-07-27

Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri

No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).

Where to find support

Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.

Orphanet entry for Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2 — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.

India — NPRD

Last verified 2026-07-26

This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.

Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.

How we counted this

Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.

"Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2" OR "Chloride shunt syndrome" OR "Familial hyperkalemic hypertension" OR "Gordon hyperkalemia-hypertension syndrome" OR "Hyperkalemia-hypertension syndrome, Gordon type" OR "Hypertensive hyperkalemia" OR "Mineralocorticoid resistant hyperkalemia" OR "PHAII" OR "Spitzer-Weinstein syndrome" OR "pseudohypoaldosteronism, type 2" OR "pseudohypoaldosteronism, type II"

Run this search on Europe PMC

ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):

"Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2" OR "Chloride shunt syndrome" OR "Familial hyperkalemic hypertension" OR "Gordon hyperkalemia-hypertension syndrome" OR "Hyperkalemia-hypertension syndrome, Gordon type" OR "Hypertensive hyperkalemia" OR "Mineralocorticoid resistant hyperkalemia" OR "PHAII" OR "Spitzer-Weinstein syndrome" OR "pseudohypoaldosteronism, type 2" OR "pseudohypoaldosteronism, type II"

Interventional trials matched via: phrase (mesh = registered under a MeSH descriptor no name phrase would catch; recall-expansion = gene / selected parent terms used only for trials).

Study-type breakdown: 1 interventional · 1 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.

Parent-category trials query:

"pseudohypoaldosteronism"

Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase; with hits: phrase

Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Synonyms dropped by stoplist: PHA2

Confidence reasoning

  • Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
  • 1 synonym(s) dropped by stoplist (may under-count)
  • No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
  • Publication count (1344) is extremely high with unknown/missing prevalence — treat as possible over-matching, not proven research intensity

Ingested 2026-07-26T02:19:36.504Z