RARE DISEASERESEARCH ATLAS
Open navigation menu

ORPHA:621

Autosomal recessive methemoglobinemia

high confidenceDisorder

Publications

543

69.1th percentile

Trials

1

Interventional, condition-specific

Researchers

936

Distinct authors in sample

Gene link

—

Readiness

3/6

Stages with a signal

Clinical definition (Orphanet)

A rare red cell disorder classified principally into two clinical phenotypes: (or ) methemoglobinemia types I and II (RCM/RHM type 1; RCM/RHM type 2).

How rare: How common this is has not been clearly measured.

Orphanet entry

Cross-references

Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.

Additional Mondo synonyms (3)

autosomal recessive methemoglobinemia · congenital methemoglobinemia · hereditary methemoglobinemia

Research stages

Trial readiness signals

Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”

3/6 stages with a signal

An interventional trial matched this condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov — see trials below.

  1. Gene identifiedNot found

    No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build

  2. LiteraturePresent

    543 matched papers (215 in last 10 years) Source

  3. Phenotype characterisedPresent

    55 HPO annotations (e.g. Exertional dyspnea; Limb dystonia; Severe intellectual disability) Source

  4. Animal modelNot found

    No Alliance genotype “model of” associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs

  5. Orphan designationNot found

    No FDA or EMA orphan-drug designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name Source

  6. Interventional trialPresent

    1 matched on ClinicalTrials.gov

Biology

Genes and phenotypes

Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.

Do we know what causes it?

Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.

No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.

Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)

55

Associated phenotypes · MONDO:0018963

  • Exertional dyspnea
  • Limb dystonia
  • Severe intellectual disability
  • Seizure
  • Athetosis

Showing 5 of 55 — open Monarch for the full list.

Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)

None returned for this Mondo ID. Empty here is not proof that no model organism work exists under another name or gene.

Monarch fetch 2026-07-29

Therapies

Designations, candidates, and chemicals

FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.

Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)

No designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name on the FDA OOPD mirror or EMA orphan register. Absence here is not proof that none exists under another wording.

Open Targets candidates

No drugs or clinical candidates returned for this Mondo ID on Open Targets.

CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)

No CTD chemical associations returned for this Mondo ID.

Literature

Is anyone studying this?

543

543 papers have been published on this condition. That is a real research literature — still far smaller than common diseases (breast cancer: over 700,000 papers). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.

543 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).

215 in the last 10 years · high confidence · 69.1th percentile (publications denominator)

Phrase hits: 543 · MeSH hits: 0

Open Europe PMC search

Who's working on it?

936

Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.

Who's working on it?

People publishing on this condition (sampled Europe PMC records). Affiliation is the most recent found in that sample.

  1. 01
    Giger U6 papers · 2023

    School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  2. 02
    Jaffey JA6 papers · 2023

    Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  3. 03
    Warang P6 papers · 2020

    a National Institute of Immunohematology (Indian Council of Medical Research) , Mumbai , India.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  4. 04
    Kedar P5 papers · 2022

    a National Institute of Immunohematology (Indian Council of Medical Research) , Mumbai , India.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  5. 05
    Bianchi P4 papers · 2024

    UOS Fisiopatologia delle Anemie UO Ematologia Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano Italy.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  6. 06
    Fermo E4 papers · 2024

    UOS Fisiopatologia delle Anemie UO Ematologia Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano Italy.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  7. 07
    Sahu KK4 papers · 2021

    Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, Massachusetts 01608, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  8. 08
    Bouatrous E3 papers · 2025

    LR16IPT07, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Hematology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  9. 09
    Colah R3 papers · 2017

    a National Institute of Immunohematology (Indian Council of Medical Research) , Mumbai , India.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  10. 10
    Colah RB3 papers · 2015

    National Institute of Immunohematology, K. E. M. Hospital campus, Parel, Mumbai, India.

    Papers in Europe PMC

Clinical research

Is a treatment being tested?

1

interventional trials for this specific condition

1 interventional trial matched this specific condition name; none in our sample are currently recruiting. 3 trials are registered for methemoglobinemia, the broader category — shown separately because they may or may not enrol this specific subtype.

Data as of 11 September 2026

1 interventional trial — more than 77.2% of diseases in the trials denominator have none at all (5501 of 7126; this disease is at the 80.1th percentile).

high confidence · 80.1th percentile (trials denominator)

Recruiting interventional trials

From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set

1 interventional trials matched after quoted-phrase search and title/condition post-filter.

No currently recruiting studies in the matched set. Open the same search on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Broader category: methemoglobinemia

3

Interventional trials for the parent category, exclusive of NCT IDs already counted above. Eligibility for this subtype is not guaranteed.

Worth raising with a clinician. How we count trials.

Other registries (secondary)

Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.

raw 0 · after dedupe 0 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 0 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-29

Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri

No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).

Where to find support

Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.

Orphanet entry for Autosomal recessive methemoglobinemia — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.

India — NPRD

Last verified 2026-07-26

This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.

Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.

How we counted this

Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.

"Autosomal recessive methemoglobinemia" OR "congenital methemoglobinemia" OR "hereditary methemoglobinemia"

Run this search on Europe PMC

ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):

"Autosomal recessive methemoglobinemia" OR "congenital methemoglobinemia" OR "hereditary methemoglobinemia"

Interventional trials matched via: phrase (mesh = registered under a MeSH descriptor no name phrase would catch; recall-expansion = gene / selected parent terms used only for trials).

Study-type breakdown: 1 interventional · 0 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.

Parent-category trials query:

"methemoglobinemia"

Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase; with hits: phrase

Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Confidence reasoning

  • Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
  • No synonyms dropped by stoplist
  • No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus

Ingested 2026-07-26T14:35:46.157Z