RARE DISEASERESEARCH ATLAS

ORPHA:59

Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome

medium confidenceDisorder

Also known as: AHDS · MCT8 deficiency · Monocarboxylate transporter 8 deficiency · X-linked intellectual disability-hypotonia syndrome

Query health: suspect — Only one of 2 strategies returned hits (phrase).

Publications

688

89.8th percentile

Trials

4

Interventional, condition-specific

Researchers

1,059

Distinct authors in sample

Gene link

SLC16A2

Definitive

Readiness

3/6

Stages with a signal

Clinical definition (Orphanet)

A rare X-linked syndromic with neuromuscular involvement characterized by a varying degree of neurodevelopmental delay including , hypokinesia, dystonia and spasticity, and a wide range of clinical sequelae secondary to chronic peripheral thyrotoxicosis.

How rare: How common this is has not been clearly measured.

Orphanet entry

Cross-references

Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.

Additional Mondo synonyms (4)

ALLAN-Herndon syndrome · MCT8-Specific Thyroid Hormone Cell Transporter Deficiency · MCT8-specific thyroid hormone cell Membrane transporter deficiency · monocarboxylate transporter 8 deficiency

Research stages

Trial readiness signals

Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”

3/6 stages with a signal

An interventional trial matched this condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov — see trials below.

  1. Gene identifiedPresent

    Definitive — SLC16A2

  2. LiteraturePresent

    688 matched papers (471 in last 10 years) Source

  3. Phenotype characterisedNot checked

    Not yet enriched from Monarch / HPO

  4. Animal modelNot checked

    Not yet enriched from Monarch / Alliance

  5. Orphan designationNot checked

    FDA/EMA orphan-drug designation not enriched yet

  6. Interventional trialPresent

    4 matched on ClinicalTrials.gov

Biology

Genes and phenotypes

Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.

Do we know what causes it?

Yes — we know a specific gene responsible (SLC16A2).

GenCC classification: Definitive.

Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)

Not enriched in this build — Monarch phenotype joins were not run for this record.

Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)

Not enriched in this build.

Literature

Is anyone studying this?

688

688 papers have been published on this condition. That is a real research literature — still far smaller than common diseases (breast cancer: over 700,000 papers). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=5449) is 41.

688 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 41 (publications denominator n=5449).

471 in the last 10 years · medium confidence · 89.8th percentile (publications denominator)

Phrase hits: 688 · MeSH hits: 0

Open Europe PMC search

Who's working on it?

1,059

Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.

Who's working on it?

People publishing on this condition (sampled Europe PMC records). Affiliation is the most recent found in that sample.

  1. 01
    Visser WE22 papers · 2026

    Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands. Electronic address: w.e.visser@erasmusmc.nl.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  2. 02
    Heuer H20 papers · 2026

    Department of Endocrinology, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  3. 03
    Groeneweg S14 papers · 2025

    Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  4. 04
    Mayerl S12 papers · 2026

    Department of Endocrinology, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  5. 05
    Krude H11 papers · 2025

    Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  6. 06
    Peeters RP10 papers · 2026

    Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  7. 07
    Tonduti D10 papers · 2026

    Unit of Pediatric Neurology, C.O.A.L.A. (Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Leukodystrophies), V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, Milan, Italy.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  8. 08
    van Geest FS10 papers · 2025

    Academic Center For Thyroid Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  9. 09
    Guadaño-Ferraz A9 papers · 2025

    Department of Endocrine and Nervous System Pathophysiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  10. 10
    Refetoff S9 papers · 2025

    Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC

Clinical research

Is a treatment being tested?

4

interventional trials for this specific condition

4 interventional trials matched this specific condition name; none in our sample are currently recruiting.

Data as of 27 July 2026

4 interventional trials — more than 73% of diseases in the trials denominator have none at all (5114 of 7003; this disease is at the 86.7th percentile).

medium confidence · 86.7th percentile (trials denominator)

Recruiting interventional trials

From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set

4 interventional trials matched after quoted-phrase search and title/condition post-filter.

No currently recruiting studies in the matched set. Open the same search on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Observational and natural-history studies

5 observational studies match this condition. These do not test a treatment and are not counted in the interventional-trial headline, but they are genuine research: natural-history work often defines the endpoints needed for a future rare-disease trial, and families may be able to enroll.

Recruiting or not-yet-recruiting

Open the complete matched search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Where to find support

We do not yet link condition-specific patient organisations. These umbrella groups support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families:

India — NPRD

Last verified 2026-07-26

This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.

Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.

How we counted this

Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.

"Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome" OR "MCT8 deficiency" OR "Monocarboxylate transporter 8 deficiency" OR "X-linked intellectual disability-hypotonia syndrome" OR "ALLAN-Herndon syndrome" OR "MCT8-Specific Thyroid Hormone Cell Transporter Deficiency" OR "MCT8-specific thyroid hormone cell Membrane transporter deficiency"

Run this search on Europe PMC

ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):

"Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome" OR "MCT8 deficiency" OR "Monocarboxylate transporter 8 deficiency" OR "X-linked intellectual disability-hypotonia syndrome" OR "ALLAN-Herndon syndrome" OR "MCT8-Specific Thyroid Hormone Cell Transporter Deficiency" OR "MCT8-specific thyroid hormone cell Membrane transporter deficiency" OR "SLC16A2"

Recall-expansion terms: SLC16A2

Interventional trials matched via: phrase (mesh = registered under a MeSH descriptor no name phrase would catch; recall-expansion = gene / selected parent terms used only for trials).

Study-type breakdown: 4 interventional · 5 observational · 2 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.

Query health: suspect — strategies attempted: phrase, recall-expansion; with hits: phrase

Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Synonyms dropped by stoplist: AHDS

Confidence reasoning

  • Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
  • 1 synonym(s) dropped by stoplist (may under-count)
  • No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus

Ingested 2026-07-26T12:16:26.166Z