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ORPHA:53351

X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism

low confidenceDisorder

Also known as: DYT3 · Lubag · Lubag syndrome · XDP

Query health: suspect — Only one of 2 strategies returned hits (phrase).

Publications

3,875

Trials

1

Interventional, condition-specific

Researchers

1,008

Distinct authors in sample

Gene link

TAF1

Strong

Readiness

4/6

Stages with a signal

Clinical definition (Orphanet)

X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by adult-onset parkinsonism that is frequently accompanied by focal dystonia, which becomes generalized over time, and that has a highly variable clinical course.

How rare: <1 / 1 000 000 — fewer than one in a million. In a city the size of Kolkata, that might mean on the order of fifteen people.

Orphanet entry

Cross-references

Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.

Additional Mondo synonyms (3)

DYT-TAF1 · X-linked dystonia Parkinsonism · dystonia-Parkinsonism, X-linked, X-linked recessive

Research stages

Trial readiness signals

Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”

4/6 stages with a signal

An interventional trial matched this condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov — see trials below.

  1. Gene identifiedPresent

    Strong — TAF1

  2. LiteraturePresent

    3,875 matched papers (2,387 in last 10 years) Source

  3. Phenotype characterisedPresent

    24 HPO annotations (e.g. Parkinsonism with favorable response to dopaminergic medication; Focal dystonia; Gait disturbance) Source

  4. Animal modelNot found

    No Alliance genotype “model of” associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs

  5. Orphan designationNot found

    No FDA or EMA orphan-drug designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name Source

  6. Interventional trialPresent

    1 matched on ClinicalTrials.gov

Biology

Genes and phenotypes

Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.

Do we know what causes it?

Yes — we know a specific gene responsible (TAF1).

GenCC classification: Strong.

Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)

24

Associated phenotypes · MONDO:0010747

  • Parkinsonism with favorable response to dopaminergic medication
  • Focal dystonia
  • Gait disturbance
  • Bradykinesia
  • Resting tremor

Showing 5 of 24 — open Monarch for the full list.

Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)

None returned for this Mondo ID. Empty here is not proof that no model organism work exists under another name or gene.

Monarch fetch 2026-07-29

Therapies

Designations, candidates, and chemicals

FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.

Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)

No designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name on the FDA OOPD mirror or EMA orphan register. Absence here is not proof that none exists under another wording.

Open Targets candidates

No drugs or clinical candidates returned for this Mondo ID on Open Targets.

CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)

No CTD chemical associations returned for this Mondo ID.

Literature

Is anyone studying this?

3,875

3,875 papers have been published on this condition. That is a real research literature — still far smaller than common diseases (breast cancer: over 700,000 papers). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.

3,875 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).

2,387 in the last 10 years · low confidence

Phrase hits: 676 · MeSH hits: 0

Open Europe PMC search

Who's working on it?

1,008

Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.

Who's working on it?

People publishing on this condition (sampled Europe PMC records). Affiliation is the most recent found in that sample.

  1. 01
    Klein C33 papers · 2026

    Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  2. 02
    Brüggemann N32 papers · 2026

    Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  3. 03
    Bragg DC28 papers · 2026

    Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. Electronic address: bragg@helix.mgh.harvard.edu.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  4. 04
    Diesta CCE27 papers · 2026

    Department of Neurosciences, Movement Disorders Clinic, Makati Medical Center, Makati City, Philippines.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  5. 05
    Rosales RL24 papers · 2026

    Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Santo Tomas Hospital, Manila, Philippines.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  6. 06
    Westenberger A24 papers · 2026

    Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  7. 07
    Sharma N21 papers · 2026

    Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; The Collaborative Center for X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  8. 08
    Jamora RDG20 papers · 2026

    Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine-Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  9. 09
    Domingo A17 papers · 2026

    Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Maria-Goeppert-Straße 1, Lübeck, Germany.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  10. 10
    Ozelius LJ15 papers · 2026

    Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. laurie.ozelius@mgh.harvard.edu.

    Papers in Europe PMC

Clinical research

Is a treatment being tested?

1

interventional trials for this specific condition

1 interventional trial matched this specific condition name; none in our sample are currently recruiting.

Data as of 11 September 2026 · last trial check 28 July 2026

1 interventional trial — more than 77.2% of diseases in the trials denominator have none at all (5501 of 7126; this disease is at the 80.1th percentile).

low confidence · 80.1th percentile (trials denominator)

Recruiting interventional trials

From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set

1 interventional trials matched after quoted-phrase search and title/condition post-filter.

No currently recruiting studies in the matched set. Open the same search on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Other registries (secondary)

Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.

raw 0 · after dedupe 0 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 0 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-29

Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri

No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).

Where to find support

Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.

Orphanet entry for X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.

India — NPRD

Last verified 2026-07-26

This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.

Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.

How we counted this

Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.

("X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism" OR "Lubag" OR "Lubag syndrome" OR "DYT-TAF1" OR "X-linked dystonia Parkinsonism" OR "dystonia-Parkinsonism, X-linked, X-linked recessive") OR (MESH:"Dystonia 3, Torsion, X-Linked") OR ("TAF1" OR "TAF1 syndrome" OR "TAF1-related")

Run this search on Europe PMC

MeSH descriptor terms unioned into the query: Dystonia 3, Torsion, X-Linked

ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):

"X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism" OR "Lubag" OR "Lubag syndrome" OR "DYT-TAF1" OR "X-linked dystonia Parkinsonism" OR "dystonia-Parkinsonism, X-linked, X-linked recessive" OR "Dystonia 3, Torsion, X-Linked"

Interventional trials matched via: phrase (mesh = registered under a MeSH descriptor no name phrase would catch; recall-expansion = gene / selected parent terms used only for trials).

Study-type breakdown: 1 interventional · 0 observational · 1 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.

Query health: suspect — strategies attempted: phrase, mesh; with hits: phrase

Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Synonyms dropped by stoplist: DYT3; XDP

Confidence reasoning

  • Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
  • 2 synonym(s) dropped by stoplist (may under-count)
  • No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
  • Publication count (3875) is implausibly high for prevalence class "<1 / 1 000 000" — treat as possible over-matching, not a measure of research intensity

Ingested 2026-07-27T00:52:25.574Z