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ORPHA:485

Kniest dysplasia

low confidenceDisorder

Publications

35,374

Trials

0

Interventional, condition-specific

Researchers

1,184

Distinct authors in sample

Gene link

COL2A1

Definitive

Readiness

3/6

Stages with a signal

Clinical definition (Orphanet)

A rare type 2 collagen-related bone disorder characterized by moderately severe chondrodysplasia with disproportionate short stature of onset, prominent joints with restricted mobility, large epiphyses and dumbbell deformity of the long bones. It was first described in 1952 by Dr Wilhelm Kniest, a German pediatrician.

How rare: How common this is has not been clearly measured.

Orphanet entry

Cross-references

Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.

Research stages

Trial readiness signals

Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”

3/6 stages with a signal

No matched interventional trial; the gene is known and literature exists — preclinical or natural-history work may still be the practical next step.

  1. Gene identifiedPresent

    Definitive — COL2A1

  2. LiteraturePresent

    35,374 matched papers (20,167 in last 10 years) Source

  3. Phenotype characterisedPresent

    93 HPO annotations (e.g. Enlarged joints; Flared metaphysis; Inguinal hernia) Source

  4. Animal modelNot found

    No Alliance genotype “model of” associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs

  5. Orphan designationNot found

    No FDA or EMA orphan-drug designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name Source

  6. Interventional trialNot found

    No matched interventional trial under our ClinicalTrials.gov rules

Biology

Genes and phenotypes

Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.

Do we know what causes it?

Yes — we know a specific gene responsible (COL2A1).

GenCC classification: Definitive.

Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)

93

Associated phenotypes · MONDO:0007987

  • Enlarged joints
  • Flared metaphysis
  • Inguinal hernia
  • Limitation of joint mobility
  • Hip contracture

Showing 5 of 93 — open Monarch for the full list.

Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)

None returned for this Mondo ID. Empty here is not proof that no model organism work exists under another name or gene.

Monarch fetch 2026-07-29

Therapies

Designations, candidates, and chemicals

FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.

Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)

No designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name on the FDA OOPD mirror or EMA orphan register. Absence here is not proof that none exists under another wording.

Open Targets candidates

No drugs or clinical candidates returned for this Mondo ID on Open Targets.

CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)

No CTD chemical associations returned for this Mondo ID.

Literature

Is anyone studying this?

35,374

35,374 papers — among the better-studied rare conditions, though still a fraction of common-disease literature (breast cancer: over 700,000). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.

35,374 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).

20,167 in the last 10 years · low confidence

Phrase hits: 287 · MeSH hits: 0

Open Europe PMC search

Who's working on it?

1,184

Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.

Who's working on it?

No interventional trial matched this name; these authors publish on it in the sampled literature — a practical starting point for contact.

  1. 01
    Cohn DH8 papers · 2016

    Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  2. 02
    Richards AJ8 papers · 2022

    Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. arichard@hgmp.mrc.ac.uk

    Papers in Europe PMC
  3. 03
    Rimoin DL8 papers · 2008
    Papers in Europe PMC
  4. 04
    Snead MP8 papers · 2022

    NHS England Highly Specialised Stickler Syndrome Diagnostic Service, Cambridge University NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK. mps34@cam.ac.uk.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  5. 05
    Spranger J8 papers · 1998

    Universitäts-Kinderklinik, Mainz, Germany.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  6. 06
    Lachman RS7 papers · 2016

    International Skeletal Dysplasia Registry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  7. 07
    Nishimura G7 papers · 2025

    Department of Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Kiyose Children's Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  8. 08
    Winterpacht A6 papers · 1997

    Children's Hospital, University of Mainz, Germany.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  9. 09
    Eyre DR5 papers · 1998
    Papers in Europe PMC
  10. 10
    Wilcox WR5 papers · 2008
    Papers in Europe PMC

Clinical research

Is a treatment being tested?

0

interventional trials for this specific condition

No interventional trial testing a treatment matched this specific condition name. 1 observational study did — shown below because natural-history and cohort work can be an important step toward a trial.

Data as of 11 September 2026 · last trial check 11 September 2026

No matched interventional trials. This is true for 77.2% of diseases in the trials denominator (5501 of 7126). Here are the researchers publishing on it.

low confidence · 38.6th percentile (trials denominator)

Recruiting interventional trials

From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set

No interventional trial testing a treatment was found for this specific condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov.

See who's working on it — people publishing on this disease are often the practical next contact when no trial is listed.

Observational and natural-history studies

1 observational study matches this condition. These do not test a treatment and are not counted in the interventional-trial headline, but they are genuine research: natural-history work often defines the endpoints needed for a future rare-disease trial, and families may be able to enroll.

Recruiting or not-yet-recruiting

Open the complete matched search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Other registries (secondary)

Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.

raw 0 · after dedupe 0 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 0 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-29

Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri

No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).

Where to find support

Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.

Orphanet entry for Kniest dysplasia — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.

India — NPRD

Last verified 2026-07-26

This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.

Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.

How we counted this

Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.

("Kniest dysplasia") OR ("COL2A1" OR "COL2A1 syndrome" OR "COL2A1-related")

Run this search on Europe PMC

ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):

"Kniest dysplasia"

Study-type breakdown: 0 interventional · 1 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.

Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase; with hits: phrase

Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Confidence reasoning

  • Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
  • No synonyms dropped by stoplist
  • No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
  • Publication count (35374) is extremely high with unknown/missing prevalence — treat as possible over-matching, not proven research intensity

Ingested 2026-07-26T14:00:20.601Z