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ORPHA:477738

Pediatric multiple sclerosis

high confidenceDisorder

Publications

919

85th percentile

Trials

7

Interventional, condition-specific

Researchers

1,021

Distinct authors in sample

Gene link

—

Readiness

2/6

Stages with a signal

Clinical definition (Orphanet)

Pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) is a rare multiple sclerosis variant characterized by the onset of multiple sclerosis (i.e. one or multiple episodes of clinical CNS symptoms consistent with acquired CNS demyelination, with radiologically proven dissemination of inflammatory lesions in space and time, following exclusion of other disorders) before the age of 18 years old. Pediatric MS patients present a predominantly relapsing-remitting course with first attack usually consisting of optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and monofocal or polyfocal neurological deficits. A high burden of T2-hyperintense lesions on initial MRI, primarily of the supratentorial region and/or of the cervical spinal cord, has been reported.

Orphanet entry

Cross-references

Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.

Research stages

Trial readiness signals

Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”

2/6 stages with a signal

An interventional trial matched this condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov — see trials below.

  1. Gene identifiedNot found

    No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build

  2. LiteraturePresent

    919 matched papers (612 in last 10 years) Source

  3. Phenotype characterisedNot found

    No HPO disease–phenotype associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs

  4. Animal modelNot found

    No Alliance genotype “model of” associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs

  5. Orphan designationNot found

    No FDA or EMA orphan-drug designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name Source

  6. Interventional trialPresent

    7 matched on ClinicalTrials.gov (1 recruiting in sample)

Biology

Genes and phenotypes

Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.

Do we know what causes it?

Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.

No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.

Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)

None returned for this Mondo ID. That often means “not linked under this ID,” not “no clinical features.”

Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)

None returned for this Mondo ID. Empty here is not proof that no model organism work exists under another name or gene.

Monarch fetch 2026-07-29

Therapies

Designations, candidates, and chemicals

FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.

Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)

No designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name on the FDA OOPD mirror or EMA orphan register. Absence here is not proof that none exists under another wording.

Open Targets candidates

No drugs or clinical candidates returned for this Mondo ID on Open Targets.

CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)

No CTD chemical associations returned for this Mondo ID.

Literature

Is anyone studying this?

919

919 papers have been published on this condition. That is a real research literature — still far smaller than common diseases (breast cancer: over 700,000 papers). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.

919 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).

612 in the last 10 years · high confidence · 85th percentile (publications denominator)

Phrase hits: 919 · MeSH hits: 0

Open Europe PMC search

Who's working on it?

1,021

Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.

Who's working on it?

People publishing on this condition (sampled Europe PMC records). Affiliation is the most recent found in that sample.

  1. 01
    Chitnis T29 papers · 2026

    Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  2. 02
    Waubant E28 papers · 2026

    University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  3. 03
    Mar S24 papers · 2026

    Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  4. 04
    Casper TC23 papers · 2026

    Pediatrics, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  5. 05
    Rodriguez M20 papers · 2026

    Neurology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  6. 06
    Schreiner T19 papers · 2026

    Department of Neurology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  7. 07
    Rensel M18 papers · 2026

    Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  8. 08
    Weinstock-Guttman B18 papers · 2026

    Department of Neurology, The Pediatric MS Center at the Jacobs Neurological Institute, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  9. 09
    Tillema JM16 papers · 2026

    Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  10. 10
    Benson L15 papers · 2026

    Neurology, Childrens Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC

Clinical research

Is a treatment being tested?

7

interventional trials for this specific condition

7 interventional trials matched this specific condition name; 1 currently recruiting in our sample. 2,509 trials are registered for multiple sclerosis, the broader category — shown separately because they may or may not enrol this specific subtype.

Data as of 11 September 2026

7 interventional trials — more than 77.2% of diseases in the trials denominator have none at all (5501 of 7126; this disease is at the 90.9th percentile).

high confidence · 90.9th percentile (trials denominator)

Recruiting interventional trials

From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set

7 interventional trials matched after quoted-phrase search and title/condition post-filter.

Broader category: multiple sclerosis

2,509

Interventional trials for the parent category, exclusive of NCT IDs already counted above. Eligibility for this subtype is not guaranteed.

Worth raising with a clinician. How we count trials.

Recruiting under the broader category

Observational and natural-history studies

6 observational studies match this condition. These do not test a treatment and are not counted in the interventional-trial headline, but they are genuine research: natural-history work often defines the endpoints needed for a future rare-disease trial, and families may be able to enroll.

None of the matched observational studies is currently listed as recruiting.

Open the complete matched search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Other registries (secondary)

Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.

raw 1 · after dedupe 1 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 1 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-30

Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri

No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).

Uncertain / not reviewed (1)

Where to find support

Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.

Orphanet entry for Pediatric multiple sclerosis — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.

India — NPRD

Last verified 2026-07-26

This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.

Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.

How we counted this

Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.

"Pediatric multiple sclerosis"

Run this search on Europe PMC

ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):

"Pediatric multiple sclerosis"

Interventional trials matched via: phrase (mesh = registered under a MeSH descriptor no name phrase would catch; recall-expansion = gene / selected parent terms used only for trials).

Study-type breakdown: 7 interventional · 6 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.

Parent-category trials query:

"multiple sclerosis"

Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase; with hits: phrase

Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Confidence reasoning

  • Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
  • No synonyms dropped by stoplist
  • No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus

Ingested 2026-07-27T17:08:05.242Z