ORPHA:399096
Distal anoctaminopathy
Also known as: MMD3 · Miyoshi muscular dystrophy type 3
Publications
37
45.2th percentile
Trials
0
Interventional, condition-specific
Researchers
283
Distinct authors in sample
Gene link
ANO5
Strong
Readiness
2/6
Stages with a signal
Clinical definition (Orphanet)
Distal anoctaminopathy is a rare, distal characterized by early adult-onset, slowly , often asymmetrical, lower limb muscle weakness initially affecting the calves (with relative anterior muscle sparing) and later proximal muscle involvement, as well as highly elevated creatine kinase (CK) serum levels.
How rare: <1 / 1 000 000 — fewer than one in a million. In a city the size of Kolkata, that might mean on the order of fifteen people.
Cross-references
Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.
- MONDO:0013222
- MeSH:C567645
- OMIM:613319
- UMLS:C2750076
Additional Mondo synonyms (2)
Miyoshi muscular dystrophy 3 · distal anoctaminopathy
Research stages
Trial readiness signals
Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”
2/6 stages with a signal
No matched interventional trial; the gene is known and literature exists — preclinical or natural-history work may still be the practical next step.
- Gene identifiedPresent
Strong — ANO5
- LiteraturePresent
37 matched papers (32 in last 10 years) Source
- Phenotype characterisedNot checked
Not yet enriched from Monarch / HPO
- Animal modelNot checked
Not yet enriched from Monarch / Alliance
- Orphan designationNot checked
FDA/EMA orphan-drug designation not enriched yet
- Interventional trialNot found
No matched interventional trial under our ClinicalTrials.gov rules
Biology
Genes and phenotypes
Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.
Do we know what causes it?
Yes — we know a specific gene responsible (ANO5).
GenCC classification: Strong.
Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)
Not enriched in this build — Monarch phenotype joins were not run for this record.
Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)
Not enriched in this build.
Literature
Is anyone studying this?
37
37 papers have ever been published on this condition (under this name). For scale, breast cancer has over 700,000. Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=5449) is 41.
37 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 41 (publications denominator n=5449).
32 in the last 10 years · medium confidence · 45.2th percentile (publications denominator)
Phrase hits: 37 · MeSH hits: 3
Who's working on it?
283
Distinct author names in 37 sampled papers — named people below.
Who's working on it?
No interventional trial matched this name; these authors publish on it in the sampled literature — a practical starting point for contact.
- 01Li H4 papers · 2025
BGI-Anhui Clinical Laboratory, BGI-Shenzhen, 236000, Fuyang, China.
Papers in Europe PMC - 02Wang L3 papers · 2023
BGI-Wuhan Clinical Laboratory, BGI-Shenzhen, 430074, Wuhan, China.
Papers in Europe PMC - 03Chen L2 papers · 2022
The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.
Papers in Europe PMC - 04Choo HJ2 papers · 2022
Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.
Papers in Europe PMC - 05Geramizadeh B2 papers · 2020
Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. geramib@gmail.com.
Papers in Europe PMC - 06Hartzell HC2 papers · 2022
Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.
Papers in Europe PMC - 07Hu Y2 papers · 2025
Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
Papers in Europe PMC - 08Li Y2 papers · 2026
Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Papers in Europe PMC - 09Nagata S2 papers · 2023
Biochemistry & Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. snagata@ifrec.osaka-u.ac.jp.
Papers in Europe PMC - 10Savarese M2 papers · 2020
Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli and Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy.
Papers in Europe PMC
Clinical research
Is a treatment being tested?
0
interventional trials for this specific condition
No interventional trial testing a treatment matched this specific condition name. 1 observational study did — shown below because natural-history and cohort work can be an important step toward a trial.
Data as of 27 July 2026
No matched interventional trials. This is true for 73% of diseases in the trials denominator (5114 of 7003). Here are the researchers publishing on it.
medium confidence · 36.5th percentile (trials denominator)
Recruiting interventional trials
From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set
No interventional trial testing a treatment was found for this specific condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov.
See who's working on it — people publishing on this disease are often the practical next contact when no trial is listed.
Observational and natural-history studies
1 observational study matches this condition. These do not test a treatment and are not counted in the interventional-trial headline, but they are genuine research: natural-history work often defines the endpoints needed for a future rare-disease trial, and families may be able to enroll.
None of the matched observational studies is currently listed as recruiting.
Where to find support
We do not yet link condition-specific patient organisations. These umbrella groups support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families:
India — NPRD
Last verified 2026-07-26This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.
Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.
How we counted this
Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.
"Distal anoctaminopathy" OR "Miyoshi muscular dystrophy type 3" OR "Miyoshi muscular dystrophy 3"
MeSH descriptor terms unioned into the query: Miyoshi Muscular Dystrophy 3
ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):
"Distal anoctaminopathy" OR "Miyoshi muscular dystrophy type 3" OR "Miyoshi muscular dystrophy 3" OR "ANO5"
Recall-expansion terms: ANO5
Study-type breakdown: 0 interventional · 1 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.
Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase, mesh, recall-expansion; with hits: phrase, mesh, recall-expansion
Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov
Synonyms dropped by stoplist: MMD3
Confidence reasoning
- Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
- 1 synonym(s) dropped by stoplist (may under-count)
- No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
Ingested 2026-07-27T15:22:53.472Z