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ORPHA:399096

Distal anoctaminopathy

low confidenceDisorder

Also known as: MMD3 · Miyoshi muscular dystrophy type 3

Publications

914

Trials

0

Interventional, condition-specific

Researchers

283

Distinct authors in sample

Gene link

ANO5

Strong

Readiness

3/6

Stages with a signal

Clinical definition (Orphanet)

Distal anoctaminopathy is a rare, distal characterized by early adult-onset, slowly , often asymmetrical, lower limb muscle weakness initially affecting the calves (with relative anterior muscle sparing) and later proximal muscle involvement, as well as highly elevated creatine kinase (CK) serum levels.

How rare: <1 / 1 000 000 — fewer than one in a million. In a city the size of Kolkata, that might mean on the order of fifteen people.

Orphanet entry

Cross-references

Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.

Additional Mondo synonyms (2)

Miyoshi muscular dystrophy 3 · distal anoctaminopathy

Research stages

Trial readiness signals

Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”

3/6 stages with a signal

No matched interventional trial; the gene is known and literature exists — preclinical or natural-history work may still be the practical next step.

  1. Gene identifiedPresent

    Strong — ANO5

  2. LiteraturePresent

    914 matched papers (741 in last 10 years) Source

  3. Phenotype characterisedPresent

    22 HPO annotations (e.g. Quadriceps muscle atrophy; Difficulty running; Muscular dystrophy) Source

  4. Animal modelNot found

    No Alliance genotype “model of” associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs

  5. Orphan designationNot found

    No FDA or EMA orphan-drug designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name Source

  6. Interventional trialNot found

    No matched interventional trial under our ClinicalTrials.gov rules

Biology

Genes and phenotypes

Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.

Do we know what causes it?

Yes — we know a specific gene responsible (ANO5).

GenCC classification: Strong.

Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)

22

Associated phenotypes · MONDO:0013222

  • Quadriceps muscle atrophy
  • Difficulty running
  • Muscular dystrophy
  • Elevated circulating creatine kinase activity
  • Quadriceps muscle weakness

Showing 5 of 22 — open Monarch for the full list.

Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)

None returned for this Mondo ID. Empty here is not proof that no model organism work exists under another name or gene.

Monarch fetch 2026-07-29

Therapies

Designations, candidates, and chemicals

FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.

Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)

No designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name on the FDA OOPD mirror or EMA orphan register. Absence here is not proof that none exists under another wording.

Open Targets candidates

No drugs or clinical candidates returned for this Mondo ID on Open Targets.

CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)

No CTD chemical associations returned for this Mondo ID.

Literature

Is anyone studying this?

914

914 papers have been published on this condition. That is a real research literature — still far smaller than common diseases (breast cancer: over 700,000 papers). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.

914 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).

741 in the last 10 years · low confidence

Phrase hits: 37 · MeSH hits: 3

Open Europe PMC search

Who's working on it?

283

Distinct author names in 37 sampled papers — named people below.

Who's working on it?

No interventional trial matched this name; these authors publish on it in the sampled literature — a practical starting point for contact.

  1. 01
    Li H4 papers · 2025

    BGI-Anhui Clinical Laboratory, BGI-Shenzhen, 236000, Fuyang, China.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  2. 02
    Wang L3 papers · 2023

    BGI-Wuhan Clinical Laboratory, BGI-Shenzhen, 430074, Wuhan, China.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  3. 03
    Chen L2 papers · 2022

    The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  4. 04
    Choo HJ2 papers · 2022

    Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  5. 05
    Geramizadeh B2 papers · 2020

    Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. geramib@gmail.com.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  6. 06
    Hartzell HC2 papers · 2022

    Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  7. 07
    Hu Y2 papers · 2025

    Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  8. 08
    Li Y2 papers · 2026

    Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  9. 09
    Nagata S2 papers · 2023

    Biochemistry & Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. snagata@ifrec.osaka-u.ac.jp.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  10. 10
    Savarese M2 papers · 2020

    Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli and Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy.

    Papers in Europe PMC

Clinical research

Is a treatment being tested?

0

interventional trials for this specific condition

No interventional trial testing a treatment matched this specific condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov (observational studies and pan-disease registries are listed separately when present).

Data as of 11 September 2026 · last trial check 11 September 2026

No matched interventional trials. This is true for 77.2% of diseases in the trials denominator (5501 of 7126). Here are the researchers publishing on it.

low confidence · 38.6th percentile (trials denominator)

Recruiting interventional trials

From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set

No interventional trial testing a treatment was found for this specific condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov.

See who's working on it — people publishing on this disease are often the practical next contact when no trial is listed.

Other registries (secondary)

Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.

raw 0 · after dedupe 0 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 0 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-30

Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri

No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).

Where to find support

Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.

Orphanet entry for Distal anoctaminopathy — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.

India — NPRD

Last verified 2026-07-26

This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.

Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.

How we counted this

Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.

("Distal anoctaminopathy" OR "Miyoshi muscular dystrophy type 3" OR "Miyoshi muscular dystrophy 3") OR (MESH:"Miyoshi Muscular Dystrophy 3") OR ("ANO5" OR "ANO5 syndrome" OR "ANO5-related")

Run this search on Europe PMC

MeSH descriptor terms unioned into the query: Miyoshi Muscular Dystrophy 3

ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):

"Distal anoctaminopathy" OR "Miyoshi muscular dystrophy type 3" OR "Miyoshi muscular dystrophy 3"

Study-type breakdown: 0 interventional · 0 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.

Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase, mesh; with hits: phrase, mesh

Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Synonyms dropped by stoplist: MMD3

Confidence reasoning

  • Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
  • 1 synonym(s) dropped by stoplist (may under-count)
  • No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
  • Publication count (914) is implausibly high for prevalence class "<1 / 1 000 000" — treat as possible over-matching, not a measure of research intensity

Ingested 2026-07-27T15:22:53.472Z