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ORPHA:325

Congenital factor II deficiency

low confidenceDisorder

Also known as: Dysprothrombinemia · Hypoprothrombinemia · Prothrombin deficiency

Publications

1,756

Trials

1

Interventional, condition-specific

Researchers

1,015

Distinct authors in sample

Gene link

F2

Definitive

Readiness

4/6

Stages with a signal

Clinical definition (Orphanet)

A rare inherited bleeding disorder due to reduced activity of factor II (FII, prothrombin) and characterized by mucocutaneous and soft tissue bleeding symptoms.

How rare: <1 / 1 000 000 — fewer than one in a million. In a city the size of Kolkata, that might mean on the order of fifteen people.

Orphanet entry

Cross-references

Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.

Additional Mondo synonyms (2)

congenital prothrombin deficiency · hereditary prothrombin deficiency

Research stages

Trial readiness signals

Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”

4/6 stages with a signal

An interventional trial matched this condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov — see trials below.

  1. Gene identifiedPresent

    Definitive — F2

  2. LiteraturePresent

    1,756 matched papers (448 in last 10 years) Source

  3. Phenotype characterisedPresent

    31 HPO annotations (e.g. Prolonged prothrombin time; Menorrhagia; Prolonged bleeding time) Source

  4. Animal modelNot found

    No Alliance genotype “model of” associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs

  5. Orphan designationNot found

    No FDA or EMA orphan-drug designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name Source

  6. Interventional trialPresent

    1 matched on ClinicalTrials.gov

Biology

Genes and phenotypes

Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.

Do we know what causes it?

Yes — we know a specific gene responsible (F2).

GenCC classification: Definitive.

Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)

31

Associated phenotypes · MONDO:0013361

  • Prolonged prothrombin time
  • Menorrhagia
  • Prolonged bleeding time
  • Gastrointestinal hemorrhage
  • Ecchymosis

Showing 5 of 31 — open Monarch for the full list.

Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)

None returned for this Mondo ID. Empty here is not proof that no model organism work exists under another name or gene.

Monarch fetch 2026-07-29

Therapies

Designations, candidates, and chemicals

FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.

Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)

No designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name on the FDA OOPD mirror or EMA orphan register. Absence here is not proof that none exists under another wording.

Open Targets candidates

No drugs or clinical candidates returned for this Mondo ID on Open Targets.

CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)

5 associated chemicals · 27 pathways. Therapeutic evidence is listed first when present — not a treatment recommendation.

  • Aspirin · marker/mechanism
  • Cephalosporins · marker/mechanism
  • Clindamycin · marker/mechanism
  • Gentamicins · marker/mechanism
  • Moxalactam · marker/mechanism

Pathways: Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction; Complement and coagulation cascades; Regulation of actin cytoskeleton; Hemostasis; Intrinsic Pathway of Fibrin Clot Formation; Common Pathway of Fibrin Clot Formation; Formation of Fibrin Clot (Clotting Cascade); Gamma-carboxylation of protein precursors

MyDisease.info · MONDO:0013361

Literature

Is anyone studying this?

1,756

1,756 papers have been published on this condition. That is a real research literature — still far smaller than common diseases (breast cancer: over 700,000 papers). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.

1,756 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).

448 in the last 10 years · low confidence

Phrase hits: 1,689 · MeSH hits: 0

Open Europe PMC search

Who's working on it?

1,015

Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.

Who's working on it?

People publishing on this condition (sampled Europe PMC records). Affiliation is the most recent found in that sample.

  1. 01
    Girolami A6 papers · 2018

    University of Padua Medical School, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Northeastern Italy Association for the Study of Coagulation Disorders, Padua, Italy. antonio.girolami@unipd.it

    Papers in Europe PMC
  2. 02
    Pengo V5 papers · 2026

    Cardiology Clinic, Thrombosis Centre, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  3. 03
    Zhang L5 papers · 2025

    Hematology Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  4. 04
    Li Y4 papers · 2026

    Department of Pharmacy, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  5. 05
    Wang X4 papers · 2026

    Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  6. 06
    Cosi E3 papers · 2018

    Department of Medicine, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  7. 07
    Ding Q3 papers · 2026

    Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  8. 08
    Ferrari S3 papers · 2018

    Department of Medicine, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  9. 09
    Girolami B3 papers · 2018

    2 Division of Medicine, Padua City Hospital, Padua, Italy.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  10. 10
    Ieko M3 papers · 2021

    Department of Internal Medicine, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757-Kanazawa, Ishikari, Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan. iekom@hoku-iryo-u.ac.jp.

    Papers in Europe PMC

Clinical research

Is a treatment being tested?

1

interventional trials for this specific condition

1 interventional trial matched this specific condition name; none in our sample are currently recruiting.

Data as of 11 September 2026 · last trial check 28 July 2026

1 interventional trial — more than 77.2% of diseases in the trials denominator have none at all (5501 of 7126; this disease is at the 80.1th percentile).

low confidence · 80.1th percentile (trials denominator)

Recruiting interventional trials

From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set

1 interventional trials matched after quoted-phrase search and title/condition post-filter.

No currently recruiting studies in the matched set. Open the same search on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Other registries (secondary)

Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.

raw 9 · after dedupe 9 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 9 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-29

Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri

No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).

Uncertain / not reviewed (9)

Where to find support

Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.

Orphanet entry for Congenital factor II deficiency — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.

India — NPRD

Last verified 2026-07-26

This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.

Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.

How we counted this

Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.

("Congenital factor II deficiency" OR "Dysprothrombinemia" OR "Hypoprothrombinemia" OR "Prothrombin deficiency" OR "congenital prothrombin deficiency" OR "hereditary prothrombin deficiency") OR ("F2 syndrome" OR "F2-related")

Run this search on Europe PMC

ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):

"Congenital factor II deficiency" OR "Dysprothrombinemia" OR "Hypoprothrombinemia" OR "Prothrombin deficiency" OR "congenital prothrombin deficiency" OR "hereditary prothrombin deficiency"

Interventional trials matched via: phrase (mesh = registered under a MeSH descriptor no name phrase would catch; recall-expansion = gene / selected parent terms used only for trials).

Study-type breakdown: 1 interventional · 0 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.

Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase; with hits: phrase

Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Confidence reasoning

  • Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
  • No synonyms dropped by stoplist
  • No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
  • Publication count (1756) is implausibly high for prevalence class "<1 / 1 000 000" — treat as possible over-matching, not a measure of research intensity

Ingested 2026-07-26T13:24:42.909Z