RARE DISEASERESEARCH ATLAS
Open navigation menu

ORPHA:3099

Rheumatic fever

low confidenceDisorder

Also known as: Acute rheumatic fever

Publications

39,489

Trials

8

Interventional, condition-specific

Researchers

1,132

Distinct authors in sample

Gene link

—

Readiness

3/6

Stages with a signal

Clinical definition (Orphanet)

Rheumatic fever (RF) is a multisystem inflammatory disease occurring as a post-infectious, nonsuppurative sequela of untreated streptococcus pyogenes (Group A streptococcus [GAS]) pharyngitis, and mainly occurs in individuals aged 5 to 15 years. The most common presenting signs are fever, migratory polyarthritis and carditis.

How rare: How common this is has not been clearly measured.

Orphanet entry

Cross-references

Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.

Additional Mondo synonyms (2)

ARF · acute rheumatic fever

Research stages

Trial readiness signals

Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”

3/6 stages with a signal

An interventional trial matched this condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov — see trials below.

  1. Gene identifiedNot found

    No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build

  2. LiteraturePresent

    39,489 matched papers (9,593 in last 10 years) Source

  3. Phenotype characterisedPresent

    36 HPO annotations (e.g. Epistaxis; Atypical behavior; Pallor) Source

  4. Animal modelNot found

    No Alliance genotype “model of” associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs

  5. Orphan designationNot found

    No FDA or EMA orphan-drug designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name Source

  6. Interventional trialPresent

    8 matched on ClinicalTrials.gov (3 recruiting in sample)

Biology

Genes and phenotypes

Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.

Do we know what causes it?

Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.

No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.

Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)

36

Associated phenotypes · MONDO:0017767

  • Epistaxis
  • Atypical behavior
  • Pallor
  • Gait disturbance
  • Arthritis

Showing 5 of 36 — open Monarch for the full list.

Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)

None returned for this Mondo ID. Empty here is not proof that no model organism work exists under another name or gene.

Monarch fetch 2026-07-29

Therapies

Designations, candidates, and chemicals

FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.

Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)

No designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name on the FDA OOPD mirror or EMA orphan register. Absence here is not proof that none exists under another wording.

Open Targets candidates

6

Drugs / clinical candidates · MONDO_0017767

CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)

4 associated chemicals. Therapeutic evidence is listed first when present — not a treatment recommendation.

  • antimacrophage globulin · therapeutic
  • Aspirin · therapeutic
  • Methotrexate · therapeutic
  • Prednisone · therapeutic

MyDisease.info · MONDO:0017767

Literature

Is anyone studying this?

39,489

39,489 papers — among the better-studied rare conditions, though still a fraction of common-disease literature (breast cancer: over 700,000). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.

39,489 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).

9,593 in the last 10 years · low confidence

Phrase hits: 39,489 · MeSH hits: 662

Open Europe PMC search

Who's working on it?

1,132

Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.

Who's working on it?

People publishing on this condition (sampled Europe PMC records). Affiliation is the most recent found in that sample.

  1. 01
    Carapetis J12 papers · 2026

    Strep A Translation, The Kids Research Institute Australia, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Perth Children's Hospital, 15 Hospital Ave, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  2. 02
    Beaton A10 papers · 2026

    Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  3. 03
    Bennett J10 papers · 2026

    Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  4. 04
    Moreland NJ10 papers · 2026

    Department of Molecular Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  5. 05
    Marangou J8 papers · 2026

    Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia; Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia. Electronic address: james.marangou@menzies.edu.au.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  6. 06
    Baker MG7 papers · 2026

    Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  7. 07
    Francis JR7 papers · 2026

    Department of Paediatrics, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Australia.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  8. 08
    Remenyi B7 papers · 2026

    Department of Paediatrics, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Australia.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  9. 09
    Rwebembera J7 papers · 2026

    Uganda Heart Institute, Kampala, Uganda.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  10. 10
    Webb R7 papers · 2026

    Department of Paediatrics, Child and Youth Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

    Papers in Europe PMC

Clinical research

Is a treatment being tested?

8

interventional trials for this specific condition

8 interventional trials matched this specific condition name; 3 currently recruiting in our sample.

Data as of 11 September 2026

8 interventional trials — more than 77.2% of diseases in the trials denominator have none at all (5501 of 7126; this disease is at the 91.5th percentile).

low confidence · 91.5th percentile (trials denominator)

Recruiting interventional trials

From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set

8 interventional trials matched after quoted-phrase search and title/condition post-filter.

Observational and natural-history studies

6 observational studies match this condition. These do not test a treatment and are not counted in the interventional-trial headline, but they are genuine research: natural-history work often defines the endpoints needed for a future rare-disease trial, and families may be able to enroll.

None of the matched observational studies is currently listed as recruiting.

Open the complete matched search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Other registries (secondary)

Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.

raw 39 · after dedupe 39 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 39 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-29

Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri

No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).

Uncertain / not reviewed (39)

Where to find support

Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.

Orphanet entry for Rheumatic fever — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.

India — NPRD

Last verified 2026-07-26

This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.

Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.

How we counted this

Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.

"Rheumatic fever" OR "Acute rheumatic fever"

Run this search on Europe PMC

MeSH descriptor terms unioned into the query: Rheumatic Fever

ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):

"Rheumatic fever" OR "Acute rheumatic fever"

Interventional trials matched via: both (mesh = registered under a MeSH descriptor no name phrase would catch; recall-expansion = gene / selected parent terms used only for trials).

Study-type breakdown: 8 interventional · 6 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.

Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase, mesh; with hits: phrase, mesh

Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Synonyms dropped by stoplist: ARF

Confidence reasoning

  • Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
  • 1 synonym(s) dropped by stoplist (may under-count)
  • No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
  • Publication count (39489) is extremely high with unknown/missing prevalence — treat as possible over-matching, not proven research intensity

Ingested 2026-07-26T22:13:36.314Z