RARE DISEASERESEARCH ATLAS

ORPHA:277

T-B-NK- severe combined immunodeficiency due to adenosine deaminase deficiency

high confidenceDisorder

Also known as: ADA deficiency · T-B-NK- SCID due to adenosine deaminase deficiency

Query health: suspect — Source fetch failed for trials.

Publications

3,135

89th percentile

Trials

Interventional, condition-specific

Researchers

1,318

Distinct authors in sample

Gene link

ADA

Definitive

Readiness

5/6

Stages with a signal

Clinical definition (Orphanet)

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency is a form of SCID characterized by profound lymphopenia and very low immunoglobulin levels of all isotypes resulting in severe and recurrent opportunistic infections.

How rare: 1-9 / 1 000 000 — roughly one to nine people per million. In a city the size of Kolkata, perhaps a few dozen.

Orphanet entry

Cross-references

Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.

Additional Mondo synonyms (9)

ADA-SCID · SCID due to ADA deficiency · SCID due to ADA deficiency, early-onset · SCID due to adenosine deaminase deficiency · adenosine deaminase deficiency · adenosine deaminase deficiency, partial, Autosomal recessive, Somatic mosaicism · adenosine deaminase deficient severe combined immunodeficiency · severe combined immunodeficiency due to ADA deficiency, Autosomal recessive, Somatic mosaicism · severe combined immunodeficiency, autosomal recessive, T cell-negative, B cell-negative, NK cell-negative, due to adenosine deaminase deficiency

Research stages

Trial readiness signals

Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”

5/6 stages with a signal

Research-stage checklist from open sources (GenCC, literature, Monarch when enriched, ClinicalTrials.gov). Not a prognosis or care recommendation.

  1. Gene identifiedPresent

    Definitive — ADA

  2. LiteraturePresent

    3,135 matched papers (1,348 in last 10 years) Source

  3. Phenotype characterisedPresent

    58 HPO annotations (e.g. Increased circulating IgE concentration; Autoimmune hemolytic anemia; B-cell lymphoma) Source

  4. Animal modelPresent

    5 genotype models (Danio rerio, Mus musculus) Source

  5. Orphan designationPartial

    1 EMA designation (none yet with FDA orphan-indication approval) — e.g. autologous CD34+ cells transduced with a lentiviral vector containing the human ADA gene Source

  6. Interventional trialNot checked

    Trial fetch failed or incomplete

Biology

Genes and phenotypes

Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.

Do we know what causes it?

Yes — we know a specific gene responsible (ADA).

GenCC classification: Definitive.

Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)

58

Associated phenotypes · MONDO:0007064

  • Increased circulating IgE concentration
  • Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
  • B-cell lymphoma
  • Diffuse mesangial sclerosis
  • Recurrent pneumonia

Showing 5 of 58 — open Monarch for the full list.

Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)

5

Model associations linked to this Mondo ID

Monarch fetch 2026-07-29

Therapies

Designations, candidates, and chemicals

FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.

Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)

1

Designation · no FDA orphan-indication approval yet

  • EMA autologous CD34+ cells transduced with a lentiviral vector containing the human ADA geneTreatment of adenosine-deaminase-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency · 07/06/2013 · PositiveEMA designation

Sources: FDA OOPD · EMA orphan designations

Open Targets candidates

No drugs or clinical candidates returned for this Mondo ID on Open Targets.

CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)

No CTD chemical associations returned for this Mondo ID.

Literature

Is anyone studying this?

3,135

3,135 papers have been published on this condition. That is a real research literature — still far smaller than common diseases (breast cancer: over 700,000 papers). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.

3,135 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).

1,348 in the last 10 years · high confidence · 89th percentile (publications denominator)

Phrase hits: 2,995 · MeSH hits: 0

Open Europe PMC search

Who's working on it?

1,318

Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.

Who's working on it?

People publishing on this condition (sampled Europe PMC records). Affiliation is the most recent found in that sample.

  1. 01
    Kohn DB21 papers · 2026

    Departments of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics; Pediatrics; and Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, 3163 Terasaki Life Science Bldg., 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. dkohn1@mednet.ucla.edu.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  2. 02
    Aiuti A19 papers · 2025

    San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  3. 03
    Hershfield MS14 papers · 2026

    Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  4. 04
    Booth C10 papers · 2025

    Department of Immunology and Gene Therapy, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. c.booth@ucl.ac.uk.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  5. 05
    Candotti F10 papers · 2023

    Genetics and Molecular Biology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  6. 06
    Cicalese MP10 papers · 2024

    San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  7. 07
    Gaspar HB10 papers · 2025

    Molecular and Cellular Immunology Section, UCL Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  8. 08
    Ferrua F9 papers · 2024

    San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Milan, Italy.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  9. 09
    Garabedian E9 papers · 2025

    Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  10. 10
    Barzaghi F8 papers · 2024

    Pediatric Immunohematology Unit and BMT Program, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.

    Papers in Europe PMC

Clinical research

Is a treatment being tested?

interventional trials for this specific condition

We could not load trial data for this condition right now.

Data as of 11 September 2026 · last trial check 31 July 2026

high confidence

Recruiting interventional trials

From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set

Trial data could not be loaded for this build. This is not the same as finding zero interventional trials.

Other registries (secondary)

Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.

raw 6 · after dedupe 6 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 6 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-29

Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri

No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).

Uncertain / not reviewed (6)

Where to find support

Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.

Orphanet entry for T-B-NK- severe combined immunodeficiency due to adenosine deaminase deficiency — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.

India — NPRD

Last verified 2026-07-26

Likely covered — the policy lists Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) as a category (Group 1), and this condition is a form of it. Confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence.

Group 1 — one-time curative treatment

Up to ₹50 lakh per patient

Financial support for treatment at notified Centres of Excellence (figures evolved from the original ₹20 lakh Group-1 ceiling).

Policy figures change. Verify current MoHFW / CoE guidance before relying on any amount. Verify

Centres of Excellence (15)
  • All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)New Delhi, Delhi
  • Maulana Azad Medical CollegeNew Delhi, Delhi
  • Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknow, Uttar Pradesh
  • Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER)Chandigarh, Chandigarh
  • Centre for DNA Fingerprinting & Diagnostics with Nizam’s Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad, Telangana
  • King Edward Memorial HospitalMumbai, Maharashtra
  • Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGMER)Kolkata, West Bengal
  • Centre for Human Genetics with Indira Gandhi HospitalBengaluru, Karnataka
  • Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children (ICH & HC)Chennai, Tamil Nadu
  • All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)Jodhpur, Rajasthan
  • Sree Avittam Thirunal Hospital (SAT), Government Medical CollegeThiruvananthapuram, Kerala
  • All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
  • Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS)Imphal, Manipur
  • All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)Patna, Bihar
  • Assam Medical College & HospitalDibrugarh, Assam

Voluntary contributions / crowdfunding (separate from CoE funding): https://rarediseases.mohfw.gov.in/

Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.

How we counted this

Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.

("T-B-NK- severe combined immunodeficiency due to adenosine deaminase deficiency" OR "ADA deficiency" OR "T-B-NK- SCID due to adenosine deaminase deficiency" OR "ADA-SCID" OR "SCID due to ADA deficiency" OR "SCID due to ADA deficiency, early-onset" OR "SCID due to adenosine deaminase deficiency" OR "adenosine deaminase deficiency" OR "adenosine deaminase deficiency, partial, Autosomal recessive, Somatic mosaicism" OR "adenosine deaminase deficient severe combined immunodeficiency" OR "severe combined immunodeficiency due to ADA deficiency, Autosomal recessive, Somatic mosaicism" OR "severe combined immunodeficiency, autosomal recessive, T cell-negative, B cell-negative, NK cell-negative, due to adenosine deaminase deficiency") OR ("ADA syndrome" OR "ADA-related")

Run this search on Europe PMC

ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):

"T-B-NK- severe combined immunodeficiency due to adenosine deaminase deficiency"

Query health: suspect — strategies attempted: phrase; with hits: phrase

Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Source errors: trials: Error: HTTP 400 for https://clinicaltrials.gov/api/v2/studies?query.cond=%22T-B-NK-%20severe%20combined%20immunodeficiency%20due%20to%20adenosine%20deaminase%20deficiency%22%20OR%20%22ADA%20deficiency%22%20OR%20%22T-B-NK-%20SCID%20due%20to%20adenosine%20deaminase%20deficiency%22%20OR%20%22ADA-SCID%22%20OR%20%22SCID%20due%20to%20ADA%20deficiency%22%20OR%20%22SCID%20due%20to%20ADA%20deficiency%2C%20early-onset%22%20OR%20%22SCID%20due%20to%20adenosine%20deaminase%20deficiency%22%20OR%20%22adenosine%20deaminase%20deficiency%22%20OR%20%22adenosine%20deaminase%20deficiency%2C%20partial%2C%20Autosomal%20recessive%2C%20Somatic%20mosaicism%22%20OR%20%22adenosine%20deaminase%20deficient%20severe%20combined%20immunodeficiency%22%20OR%20%22severe%20combined%20immunodeficiency%20due%20to%20ADA%20deficiency%2C%20Autosomal%20recessive%2C%20Somatic%20mosaicism%22%20OR%20%22severe%20combined%20immunodeficiency%2C%20autosomal%20recessive%2C%20T%20cell-negative%2C%20B%20cell-negative%2C%20NK%20cell-negative%2C%20due%20to%20adenosine%20deaminase%20deficiency%22&format=json&pageSize=100&countTotal=true

Confidence reasoning

  • Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
  • No synonyms dropped by stoplist
  • No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus

Ingested 2026-07-26T13:11:49.351Z