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ORPHA:275555

Preeclampsia

medium confidenceDisorder

Publications

139,040

99.7th percentile

Trials

480

Interventional, condition-specific

Researchers

1,309

Distinct authors in sample

Gene link

—

Readiness

5/6

Stages with a signal

Clinical definition (Orphanet)

A hypertensive disorder of pregnancy that is characterized by new-onset hypertension with proteinuria presenting after 20 weeks of gestation, and depending on mild or severe forms may initially present with severe headache, visual disturbances, and hyperreflexia.

How rare: 1-5 / 10 000 — about one to five people per ten thousand (still uncommon, but less ultra-rare).

Orphanet entry

Cross-references

Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.

Additional Mondo synonyms (7)

pre-eclampsia · pre-eclamptic toxaemia · pre-eclamptic toxemia · preeclampsia · preeclampsia/eclampsia · pregnancy toxaemia · proteinuric hypertension of pregnancy

Research stages

Trial readiness signals

Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”

5/6 stages with a signal

An interventional trial matched this condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov — see trials below.

  1. Gene identifiedNot found

    No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build

  2. LiteraturePresent

    139,040 matched papers (82,400 in last 10 years) Source

  3. Phenotype characterisedPresent

    63 HPO annotations (e.g. Edema; Seizure; Intrauterine growth retardation) Source

  4. Animal modelPresent

    12 genotype models (Mus musculus) Source

  5. Orphan designationPartial

    6 EMA designations (none yet with FDA orphan-indication approval) — e.g. recombinant human placental growth factor Source

  6. Interventional trialPresent

    480 matched on ClinicalTrials.gov (110 recruiting in sample)

Biology

Genes and phenotypes

Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.

Do we know what causes it?

Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.

No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.

Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)

63

Associated phenotypes · MONDO:0005081

  • Edema
  • Seizure
  • Intrauterine growth retardation
  • Elevated circulating hepatic transaminase concentration
  • Hypertension

Showing 5 of 63 — open Monarch for the full list.

Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)

12

Model associations linked to this Mondo ID

Monarch fetch 2026-07-29

Therapies

Designations, candidates, and chemicals

FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.

Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)

6

Designations · no FDA orphan-indication approval yet

  • EMA recombinant human placental growth factorTreatment of pre-eclampsia · 27/06/2018 · PositiveEMA designation
  • EMA allogenic placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells secretomeTreatment of pre-eclampsia · 21/06/2021 · PositiveEMA designation
  • EMA small-interfering RNA against soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 e15a mRNA, small-interfering RNA against soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 i13 mRNATreatment of pre-eclampsia · 16/04/2025 · PositiveEMA designation
  • EMA melatoninTreatment of pre-eclampsia · 14/01/2022 · PositiveEMA designation
  • EMA S-NitrosoglutathioneTreatment of pre-eclampsia · 13/05/2011 · PositiveEMA designation
  • EMA recombinant human alpha-1-microglobulinTreatment of pre-eclampsia · 04/07/2014 · WithdrawnEMA designation

Sources: FDA OOPD · EMA orphan designations

Open Targets candidates

84

Drugs / clinical candidates · MONDO_0005081

CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)

55 associated chemicals · 124 pathways. Therapeutic evidence is listed first when present — not a treatment recommendation.

  • 2-naphthoylethyltrimethylammonium · therapeutic
  • Amlodipine · therapeutic
  • Betamethasone · therapeutic
  • Bupivacaine · therapeutic
  • cicaprost · therapeutic
  • Estradiol · therapeutic
  • Heparin · therapeutic
  • Hydralazine · therapeutic
  • Iloprost · therapeutic
  • Isosorbide Dinitrate · therapeutic
  • Labetalol · therapeutic
  • lipoxin A4 · therapeutic

Pathways: Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism; Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450; Metabolic pathways; RNA transport; PPAR signaling pathway; Ras signaling pathway; Rap1 signaling pathway; Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction

MyDisease.info · MONDO:0005081

Literature

Is anyone studying this?

139,040

139,040 papers — among the better-studied rare conditions, though still a fraction of common-disease literature (breast cancer: over 700,000). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.

139,040 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).

82,400 in the last 10 years · medium confidence · 99.7th percentile (publications denominator)

Phrase hits: 139,040 · MeSH hits: 1,825

Open Europe PMC search

Who's working on it?

1,309

Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.

Who's working on it?

People publishing on this condition (sampled Europe PMC records). Affiliation is the most recent found in that sample.

  1. 01
    Wang Y5 papers · 2026

    Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  2. 02
    Cerri G3 papers · 2026

    Cardiometabolic Diseases Unit, Hospital San Martín, La Plata, Argentina.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  3. 03
    Chen Y3 papers · 2026

    Department of Immunology, School of Cell and Gene Therapy, Songjiang Research Institute and Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China (L.L., Y.C., J.C., Y.L., J.D., S.G.Z.).

    Papers in Europe PMC
  4. 04
    Espeche W3 papers · 2026

    Cardiometabolic Diseases Unit, Hospital San Martín, La Plata, Argentina.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  5. 05
    Li Q3 papers · 2025

    Jinan University Guangzhou China.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  6. 06
    Li X3 papers · 2026

    Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China; Women and Children's Medical Center, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China. Electronic address: xtli555@fudan.edu.cn.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  7. 07
    Liu C3 papers · 2026

    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  8. 08
    Minetto J3 papers · 2026

    Cardiometabolic Diseases Unit, Hospital San Martín, La Plata, Argentina. jjminetto@hotmail.com.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  9. 09
    Salazar M3 papers · 2026

    Cardiometabolic Diseases Unit, Hospital San Martín, La Plata, Argentina.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  10. 10
    Todoroff J3 papers · 2026

    Cardiometabolic Diseases Unit, Hospital San Martín, La Plata, Argentina.

    Papers in Europe PMC

Clinical research

Is a treatment being tested?

480

interventional trials for this specific condition

480 interventional trials matched this specific condition name; 110 currently recruiting in our sample.

Data as of 11 September 2026

480 interventional trials — more than 77.2% of diseases in the trials denominator have none at all (5501 of 7126; this disease is at the 99.7th percentile).

medium confidence · 99.7th percentile (trials denominator)

Recruiting interventional trials

From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set

480 interventional trials matched after quoted-phrase search and title/condition post-filter.

Observational and natural-history studies

388 observational studies match this condition. These do not test a treatment and are not counted in the interventional-trial headline, but they are genuine research: natural-history work often defines the endpoints needed for a future rare-disease trial, and families may be able to enroll.

Recruiting or not-yet-recruiting

Open the complete matched search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Other registries (secondary)

Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.

raw 96 · after dedupe 95 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 95 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-30

Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri

No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).

Uncertain / not reviewed (95)

Where to find support

Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.

Orphanet entry for Preeclampsia — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.

India — NPRD

Last verified 2026-07-26

This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.

Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.

How we counted this

Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.

"Preeclampsia" OR "pre-eclampsia" OR "pre-eclamptic toxaemia" OR "pre-eclamptic toxemia" OR "preeclampsia/eclampsia" OR "pregnancy toxaemia" OR "proteinuric hypertension of pregnancy" OR "proteinuric hypertension of the pregnancy"

Run this search on Europe PMC

MeSH descriptor terms unioned into the query: Pre-Eclampsia

ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):

"Preeclampsia" OR "pre-eclampsia" OR "pre-eclamptic toxaemia" OR "pre-eclamptic toxemia" OR "preeclampsia/eclampsia" OR "pregnancy toxaemia" OR "proteinuric hypertension of pregnancy" OR "proteinuric hypertension of the pregnancy"

Interventional trials matched via: both, phrase (mesh = registered under a MeSH descriptor no name phrase would catch; recall-expansion = gene / selected parent terms used only for trials).

Study-type breakdown: 480 interventional · 388 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.

Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase, mesh; with hits: phrase, mesh

Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Confidence reasoning

  • Preferred label is short or not clearly distinctive
  • No synonyms dropped by stoplist
  • No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus

Ingested 2026-07-27T11:37:00.851Z