ORPHA:233
Duane retraction syndrome
Also known as: DRS · DURS · Duane syndrome · Stilling-Turk-Duane syndrome
Publications
1,733
91.9th percentile
Trials
0
Interventional, condition-specific
Researchers
749
Distinct authors in sample
Gene link
—
Readiness
1/6
Stages with a signal
Clinical definition (Orphanet)
A rare, ocular cranial dysinnervation disorder characterized by limited horizontal eye movement accompanied by globe retraction and palpebral fissure narrowing on attempted adduction.
How rare: 1-5 / 10 000 — about one to five people per ten thousand (still uncommon, but less ultra-rare).
Cross-references
Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.
- MONDO:0007473
- MeSH:D004370
- UMLS:C0013261
- NCIT:C84678
Additional Mondo synonyms (1)
Duane's syndrome
Research stages
Trial readiness signals
Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”
1/6 stages with a signal
Research-stage checklist from open sources (GenCC, literature, Monarch when enriched, ClinicalTrials.gov). Not a prognosis or care recommendation.
- Gene identifiedNot found
No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build
- LiteraturePresent
1,733 matched papers (689 in last 10 years) Source
- Phenotype characterisedNot checked
Not yet enriched from Monarch / HPO
- Animal modelNot checked
Not yet enriched from Monarch / Alliance
- Orphan designationNot checked
FDA/EMA orphan-drug designation not enriched yet
- Interventional trialNot found
No matched interventional trial under our ClinicalTrials.gov rules
Biology
Genes and phenotypes
Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.
Do we know what causes it?
Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.
No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.
Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)
Not enriched in this build — Monarch phenotype joins were not run for this record.
Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)
Not enriched in this build.
Literature
Is anyone studying this?
1,733
1,733 papers have been published on this condition. That is a real research literature — still far smaller than common diseases (breast cancer: over 700,000 papers). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=5449) is 41.
1,733 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 41 (publications denominator n=5449).
689 in the last 10 years · medium confidence · 91.9th percentile (publications denominator)
Phrase hits: 1,733 · MeSH hits: 0
Who's working on it?
749
Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.
Who's working on it?
No interventional trial matched this name; these authors publish on it in the sampled literature — a practical starting point for contact.
- 01Akbari MR12 papers · 2026
Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Papers in Europe PMC - 02Kekunnaya R12 papers · 2026
Child Sight Institute, Jasti V Ramanamma Children's Eye Care Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India. rameshak@lvpei.org.
Papers in Europe PMC - 03Khorrami-Nejad M9 papers · 2026
Optometry Department, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Enghelab St, Tehran, Iran. dr.khorraminejad@gmail.com.
Papers in Europe PMC - 04Masoomian B9 papers · 2026
Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Papers in Europe PMC - 05Hunter DG6 papers · 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School. Electronic address: david.hunter@childrens.harvard.edu.
Papers in Europe PMC - 06Mirmohammadsadeghi A6 papers · 2026
Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Papers in Europe PMC - 07Sachdeva V6 papers · 2026
Nimmagada Prasad Children's Eye Care Centre, GMRV Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Papers in Europe PMC - 08Whitman MC6 papers · 2026
Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Papers in Europe PMC - 09Farvardin H4 papers · 2025
Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Papers in Europe PMC - 10Farvardin M4 papers · 2025
Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Papers in Europe PMC
Clinical research
Is a treatment being tested?
0
interventional trials for this specific condition
No interventional trial testing a treatment matched this specific condition name. 1 observational study did — shown below because natural-history and cohort work can be an important step toward a trial.
Data as of 27 July 2026
No matched interventional trials. This is true for 73% of diseases in the trials denominator (5114 of 7003). Here are the researchers publishing on it.
medium confidence · 36.5th percentile (trials denominator)
Recruiting interventional trials
From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set
No interventional trial testing a treatment was found for this specific condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov.
See who's working on it — people publishing on this disease are often the practical next contact when no trial is listed.
Observational and natural-history studies
1 observational study matches this condition. These do not test a treatment and are not counted in the interventional-trial headline, but they are genuine research: natural-history work often defines the endpoints needed for a future rare-disease trial, and families may be able to enroll.
Recruiting or not-yet-recruiting
- NCT03059420·RECRUITING·Genetic Studies of Strabismus, Congenital Cranial Dysinnervation Disorders (CCDDs), and Their Associated Anomalies
Conditions: Congenital Fibrosis of Extraocular Muscles · Duane Retraction Syndrome · Duane Radial Ray Syndrome · Mobius Syndrome·Matched via name phrase
Where to find support
We do not yet link condition-specific patient organisations. These umbrella groups support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families:
India — NPRD
Last verified 2026-07-26This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.
Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.
How we counted this
Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.
"Duane retraction syndrome" OR "Duane syndrome" OR "Stilling-Turk-Duane syndrome" OR "Duane's syndrome"
ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):
"Duane retraction syndrome" OR "Duane syndrome" OR "Stilling-Turk-Duane syndrome" OR "Duane's syndrome"
Study-type breakdown: 0 interventional · 1 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.
Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase; with hits: phrase
Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov
Synonyms dropped by stoplist: DRS; DURS
Confidence reasoning
- Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
- 2 synonym(s) dropped by stoplist (may under-count)
- No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
Ingested 2026-07-26T13:00:39.735Z