ORPHA:2273
Ichthyosis follicularis-alopecia-photophobia syndrome
Also known as: IFAP syndrome · Ichthyosis follicularis-atrichia-photophobia syndrome
Query health: suspect — Source fetch failed for trials.
Publications
832
Trials
—
Interventional, condition-specific
Researchers
886
Distinct authors in sample
Gene link
MBTPS2
Definitive
Readiness
3/6
Stages with a signal
Clinical definition (Orphanet)
A rare genetic disorder characterized by the triad of ichthyosis follicularis, alopecia, and photophobia from birth.
How rare: <1 / 1 000 000 — fewer than one in a million. In a city the size of Kolkata, that might mean on the order of fifteen people.
Cross-references
Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.
- MONDO:0100213
- MONDO:0100212
- MeSH:C536085
- OMIM:308205
- UMLS:C5399971
- UMLS:C1839988
Additional Mondo synonyms (6)
IFAP syndrome with or without BRESHECK syndrome · IFAP syndrome with or without BRESHECK syndrome, X-linked recessive · IFAP/BRESHECK syndrome · ichthyosis follicularis, atrichia, and photophobia with or without brain anomalies, retardation, ectodermal dysplasia, skeletal malformations, Hirschsprung disease, Ear/eye anomalies, cleft palate/cryptorchidism, and kidney dysplasia/hypoplasia · ichthyosis follicularis-alopecia-photophobia syndrome · ichthyosis follicularis-atrichia-photophobia syndrome
Research stages
Trial readiness signals
Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”
3/6 stages with a signal
Research-stage checklist from open sources (GenCC, literature, Monarch when enriched, ClinicalTrials.gov). Not a prognosis or care recommendation.
- Gene identifiedPresent
Definitive — MBTPS2
- LiteraturePresent
832 matched papers (602 in last 10 years) Source
- Phenotype characterisedPresent
154 HPO annotations (e.g. Absent eyebrow; Chiari malformation; Eczematoid dermatitis) Source
- Animal modelNot found
No Alliance genotype “model of” associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs
- Orphan designationNot found
No FDA or EMA orphan-drug designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name Source
- Interventional trialNot checked
Trial fetch failed or incomplete
Biology
Genes and phenotypes
Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.
Do we know what causes it?
Yes — we know a specific gene responsible (MBTPS2).
GenCC classification: Definitive.
Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)
154
Associated phenotypes · MONDO:0100213
- Absent eyebrow
- Chiari malformation
- Eczematoid dermatitis
- Motor delay
- Periungual erythema
Showing 5 of 154 — open Monarch for the full list.
Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)
None returned for this Mondo ID. Empty here is not proof that no model organism work exists under another name or gene.
Monarch fetch 2026-07-29
Therapies
Designations, candidates, and chemicals
FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.
Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)
No designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name on the FDA OOPD mirror or EMA orphan register. Absence here is not proof that none exists under another wording.
Open Targets candidates
No drugs or clinical candidates returned for this Mondo ID on Open Targets.
CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)
No CTD chemical associations returned for this Mondo ID.
Literature
Is anyone studying this?
832
832 papers have been published on this condition. That is a real research literature — still far smaller than common diseases (breast cancer: over 700,000 papers). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.
832 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).
602 in the last 10 years · low confidence
Phrase hits: 134 · MeSH hits: 0
Who's working on it?
886
Distinct author names in 134 sampled papers — named people below.
Who's working on it?
People publishing on this condition (sampled Europe PMC records). Affiliation is the most recent found in that sample.
- 01Happle R8 papers · 2014
Department of Dermatology, Deutschhausstrasse, Marburg, Germany. happle@mailer.uni-marburg.de
Papers in Europe PMC - 02Traupe H7 papers · 2026
Klinik für Hautkrankheiten, Universitätsklinik Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
Papers in Europe PMC - 03Grzeschik KH6 papers · 2020
Centre for Human Genetics, University of Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany.
Papers in Europe PMC - 04Bornholdt D5 papers · 2020
Institut fuer Humangenetik, Philipps-Universitaet, Marburg, Germany.
Papers in Europe PMC - 05Fischer J5 papers · 2026
Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Papers in Europe PMC - 06König A4 papers · 2013
Department of Dermatology, Philipp University, Marburg, Germany.
Papers in Europe PMC - 07Li M4 papers · 2024
Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
Papers in Europe PMC - 08Mégarbané A4 papers · 2013Papers in Europe PMC
- 09Mégarbané H4 papers · 2013
Service de Dermatologie, Hôtel-Dieu de France, Beirut, Lebanon. megarban@dm.net.lb
Papers in Europe PMC - 10Oji V4 papers · 2026
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Papers in Europe PMC
Clinical research
Is a treatment being tested?
—
interventional trials for this specific condition
We could not load trial data for this condition right now.
Data as of 11 September 2026 · last trial check 31 July 2026
low confidence
Recruiting interventional trials
From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set
Trial data could not be loaded for this build. This is not the same as finding zero interventional trials.
Other registries (secondary)
Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.
raw 0 · after dedupe 0 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 0 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-29
Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri
No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).
Where to find support
Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.
Orphanet entry for Ichthyosis follicularis-alopecia-photophobia syndrome — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.
India — NPRD
Last verified 2026-07-26This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.
Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.
How we counted this
Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.
("Ichthyosis follicularis-alopecia-photophobia syndrome" OR "IFAP syndrome" OR "Ichthyosis follicularis-atrichia-photophobia syndrome" OR "IFAP syndrome with or without BRESHECK syndrome" OR "IFAP syndrome with or without BRESHECK syndrome, X-linked recessive" OR "IFAP/BRESHECK syndrome" OR "ichthyosis follicularis, atrichia, and photophobia with or without brain anomalies, retardation, ectodermal dysplasia, skeletal malformations, Hirschsprung disease, Ear/eye anomalies, cleft palate/cryptorchidism, and kidney dysplasia/hypoplasia") OR ("MBTPS2" OR "MBTPS2 syndrome" OR "MBTPS2-related")ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):
"Ichthyosis follicularis-alopecia-photophobia syndrome"
Query health: suspect — strategies attempted: phrase; with hits: phrase
Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov
Source errors: trials: Error: HTTP 400 for https://clinicaltrials.gov/api/v2/studies?query.cond=%22Ichthyosis%20follicularis-alopecia-photophobia%20syndrome%22%20OR%20%22IFAP%20syndrome%22%20OR%20%22Ichthyosis%20follicularis-atrichia-photophobia%20syndrome%22%20OR%20%22IFAP%20syndrome%20with%20or%20without%20BRESHECK%20syndrome%22%20OR%20%22IFAP%20syndrome%20with%20or%20without%20BRESHECK%20syndrome%2C%20X-linked%20recessive%22%20OR%20%22IFAP%2FBRESHECK%20syndrome%22%20OR%20%22ichthyosis%20follicularis%2C%20atrichia%2C%20and%20photophobia%20with%20or%20without%20brain%20anomalies%2C%20retardation%2C%20ectodermal%20dysplasia%2C%20skeletal%20malformations%2C%20Hirschsprung%20disease%2C%20Ear%2Feye%20anomalies%2C%20cleft%20palate%2Fcryptorchidism%2C%20and%20kidney%20dysplasia%2Fhypoplasia%22&format=json&pageSize=100&countTotal=true
Confidence reasoning
- Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
- No synonyms dropped by stoplist
- No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
- Publication count (832) is implausibly high for prevalence class "<1 / 1 000 000" — treat as possible over-matching, not a measure of research intensity
Ingested 2026-07-26T19:39:30.561Z