ORPHA:2056
Essential fructosuria
Also known as: Fructokinase deficiency · Ketohexokinase deficiency
Query health: suspect — Only one of 2 strategies returned hits (phrase).
Publications
169
61.5th percentile
Trials
0
Interventional, condition-specific
Researchers
749
Distinct authors in sample
Gene link
KHK
Moderate
Readiness
2/6
Stages with a signal
Clinical definition (Orphanet)
Essential fructosuria is a rare disorder of fructose metabolism caused by a deficiency of fructokinaseenzyme activity. It is characterized by elevated fructosemia and presence of fructosuria following ingestion of fructose and related sugars (sucrose, sorbitol). Essential fructosuria is clinically asymptomatic and harmless. Dietary restriction is not indicated.
How rare: How common this is has not been clearly measured.
Cross-references
Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.
- MONDO:0009252
- MeSH:C538068
- OMIM:229800
- UMLS:C0268160
Additional Mondo synonyms (3)
fructokinase deficiency · fructosuria, essential · ketohexokinase deficiency
Research stages
Trial readiness signals
Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”
2/6 stages with a signal
No matched interventional trial; the gene is known and literature exists — preclinical or natural-history work may still be the practical next step.
- Gene identifiedPresent
Moderate — KHK
- LiteraturePresent
169 matched papers (75 in last 10 years) Source
- Phenotype characterisedNot checked
Not yet enriched from Monarch / HPO
- Animal modelNot checked
Not yet enriched from Monarch / Alliance
- Orphan designationNot checked
FDA/EMA orphan-drug designation not enriched yet
- Interventional trialNot found
No matched interventional trial under our ClinicalTrials.gov rules
Biology
Genes and phenotypes
Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.
Do we know what causes it?
Probably — there is moderate evidence for KHK.
GenCC classification: Moderate.
Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)
Not enriched in this build — Monarch phenotype joins were not run for this record.
Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)
Not enriched in this build.
Literature
Is anyone studying this?
169
169 papers have ever been published on this condition (under this name). For scale, breast cancer has over 700,000. Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=5449) is 41.
169 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 41 (publications denominator n=5449).
75 in the last 10 years · high confidence · 61.5th percentile (publications denominator)
Phrase hits: 169 · MeSH hits: 0
Who's working on it?
749
Distinct author names in 169 sampled papers — named people below.
Who's working on it?
No interventional trial matched this name; these authors publish on it in the sampled literature — a practical starting point for contact.
- 01Johnson RJ10 papers · 2026
1] Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA [2] Division of Nephrology, Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Department of Veteran Affairs, Denver, Colorado, USA.
Papers in Europe PMC - 02Lanaspa MA10 papers · 2026
Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Papers in Europe PMC - 03Nakagawa T8 papers · 2023
Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Papers in Europe PMC - 04Andres-Hernando A7 papers · 2023
The Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado;
Papers in Europe PMC - 05Cicerchi C6 papers · 2023
Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Papers in Europe PMC - 06Bonthron DT5 papers · 2014
Leeds Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; and.
Papers in Europe PMC - 07Ishimoto T5 papers · 2018
Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Papers in Europe PMC - 08Tolan DR5 papers · 2026
Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA USA.
Papers in Europe PMC - 09Ferraris RP4 papers · 2020
Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey; and ferraris@njms.rutgers.edu.
Papers in Europe PMC - 10Kuwabara M4 papers · 2023
Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045.
Papers in Europe PMC
Clinical research
Is a treatment being tested?
0
interventional trials for this specific condition
No interventional trial testing a treatment matched this specific condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov (observational studies and pan-disease registries are listed separately when present).
Data as of 27 July 2026
No matched interventional trials. This is true for 73% of diseases in the trials denominator (5114 of 7003). Here are the researchers publishing on it.
high confidence · 36.5th percentile (trials denominator)
Recruiting interventional trials
From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set
No interventional trial testing a treatment was found for this specific condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov.
See who's working on it — people publishing on this disease are often the practical next contact when no trial is listed.
Where to find support
We do not yet link condition-specific patient organisations. These umbrella groups support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families:
India — NPRD
Last verified 2026-07-26This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.
Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.
How we counted this
Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.
"Essential fructosuria" OR "Fructokinase deficiency" OR "Ketohexokinase deficiency" OR "fructosuria, essential"
ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):
"Essential fructosuria" OR "Fructokinase deficiency" OR "Ketohexokinase deficiency" OR "fructosuria, essential" OR "KHK"
Recall-expansion terms: KHK
Study-type breakdown: 0 interventional · 0 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.
Query health: suspect — strategies attempted: phrase, recall-expansion; with hits: phrase
Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov
Confidence reasoning
- Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
- No synonyms dropped by stoplist
- No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
Ingested 2026-07-26T18:57:31.220Z