ORPHA:180226
Embryonal carcinoma
Publications
16,957
Trials
6
Interventional, condition-specific
Researchers
1,217
Distinct authors in sample
Gene link
—
Readiness
2/6
Stages with a signal
How rare: <1 / 1 000 000 — fewer than one in a million. In a city the size of Kolkata, that might mean on the order of fifteen people.
Cross-references
Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.
- MONDO:0005440
- MeSH:D018236
- UMLS:C0206659
- NCIT:C3752
Additional Mondo synonyms (2)
carcinoma, embryonal, malignant · embryonal carcinoma
Research stages
Trial readiness signals
Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”
2/6 stages with a signal
An interventional trial matched this condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov — see trials below.
- Gene identifiedNot found
No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build
- LiteraturePresent
16,957 matched papers (4,703 in last 10 years) Source
- Phenotype characterisedNot found
No HPO disease–phenotype associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs
- Animal modelNot found
No Alliance genotype “model of” associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs
- Orphan designationNot found
No FDA or EMA orphan-drug designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name Source
- Interventional trialPresent
6 matched on ClinicalTrials.gov (2 recruiting in sample)
Biology
Genes and phenotypes
Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.
Do we know what causes it?
Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.
No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.
Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)
None returned for this Mondo ID. That often means “not linked under this ID,” not “no clinical features.”
Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)
None returned for this Mondo ID. Empty here is not proof that no model organism work exists under another name or gene.
Monarch fetch 2026-07-29
Therapies
Designations, candidates, and chemicals
FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.
Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)
No designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name on the FDA OOPD mirror or EMA orphan register. Absence here is not proof that none exists under another wording.
Open Targets candidates
4
Drugs / clinical candidates · MONDO_0005440
- CARBOPLATIN·phase 3
- CISPLATIN·phase 3
- ETOPOSIDE PHOSPHATE·phase 3
- IFOSFAMIDE·phase 3
CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)
5 associated chemicals · 5 pathways. Therapeutic evidence is listed first when present — not a treatment recommendation.
- Bleomycin · therapeutic
- Cyclophosphamide · therapeutic
- Tretinoin · therapeutic
- Vinblastine · therapeutic
- Vincristine · therapeutic
Pathways: Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction; Cytokine Signaling in Immune system; Immune System; TNFR2 non-canonical NF-kB pathway; TNFs bind their physiological receptors
Literature
Is anyone studying this?
16,957
16,957 papers — among the better-studied rare conditions, though still a fraction of common-disease literature (breast cancer: over 700,000). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.
16,957 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).
4,703 in the last 10 years · low confidence
Phrase hits: 16,953 · MeSH hits: 10
Who's working on it?
1,217
Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.
Who's working on it?
People publishing on this condition (sampled Europe PMC records). Affiliation is the most recent found in that sample.
- 01Acosta AM6 papers · 2026
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
Papers in Europe PMC - 02Lobo J6 papers · 2026
Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), Porto, Portugal.
Papers in Europe PMC - 03Bremmer F5 papers · 2026
Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
Papers in Europe PMC - 04Zhang Y5 papers · 2026
Department of Urology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital of Fudan University (Affiliated Anhui Branch), No. 39 Wangjing East Road, Hefei, 230000, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.
Papers in Europe PMC - 05Li X4 papers · 2026
Department of Abdominal Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, China.
Papers in Europe PMC - 06Lopes LF4 papers · 2026
Pediatric Oncology Research Group, Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo 14784400, Brazil.
Papers in Europe PMC - 07Pinto MT4 papers · 2026
Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo 14784400, Brazil.
Papers in Europe PMC - 08Sarkar T4 papers · 2025
Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic, and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Papers in Europe PMC - 09Andrews PW3 papers · 2025
The Centre for Stem Cell Biology, The School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK.
Papers in Europe PMC - 10Cardoso IIV3 papers · 2025
Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo 14784400, Brazil.
Papers in Europe PMC
Clinical research
Is a treatment being tested?
6
interventional trials for this specific condition
6 interventional trials matched this specific condition name; 2 currently recruiting in our sample.
Data as of 11 September 2026
6 interventional trials — more than 77.2% of diseases in the trials denominator have none at all (5501 of 7126; this disease is at the 90.1th percentile).
low confidence · 90.1th percentile (trials denominator)
Recruiting interventional trials
From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set
6 interventional trials matched after quoted-phrase search and title/condition post-filter.
- NCT04684368·RECRUITING·A Study of a New Way to Treat Children and Young Adults With a Brain Tumor Called NGGCT
Not reviewed·Conditions: Central Nervous System Nongerminomatous Germ Cell Tumor · Choriocarcinoma · Embryonal Carcinoma · Immature Teratoma·Matched via name phrase
- NCT03067181·RECRUITING·Active Surveillance, Bleomycin, Etoposide, Carboplatin or Cisplatin in Treating Pediatric and Adult Patients With Germ Cell Tumors
Not reviewed·Conditions: Childhood Extracranial Germ Cell Tumor · Extragonadal Embryonal Carcinoma · Germ Cell Tumor · Malignant Germ Cell Tumor·Matched via name phrase
Observational and natural-history studies
3 observational studies match this condition. These do not test a treatment and are not counted in the interventional-trial headline, but they are genuine research: natural-history work often defines the endpoints needed for a future rare-disease trial, and families may be able to enroll.
Recruiting or not-yet-recruiting
- NCT05564026·RECRUITING·Molecular Epidemiology of Pediatric Germ Cell Tumors
Not reviewed·Conditions: Germ Cell Tumor · Germinoma · Teratoma · Embryonal Carcinoma·Matched via name phrase
Other registries (secondary)
Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.
raw 62 · after dedupe 62 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 62 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-30
Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri
No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).
Uncertain / not reviewed (62)
- isrctn·ISRCTN51537899·Recruiting·MonoGerm: A trial to test if using one chemotherapy drug is as good as using three chemotherapy drugs before radiotherapy for patients with germinoma brain tumours
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- isrctn·ISRCTN76456502·No longer recruiting·Radiotherapy given to a reduced area following surgery in adult patients with limb, hand or foot soft tissue sarcoma to find out if it will cause fewer side effects, without increasing the risk of the sarcoma coming back
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2026-526116-36-00·Authorised·A Phase 1a/1b, multicenter, open-label study evaluating the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary antitumor activity of PLN-101095 alone and in combination with pembrolizumab in adults with advanced or metastatic solid tumors following progression on immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2026-526821-16-00·Authorised·Melanoma-TBK1-inhibitor enhanced Immuno Therapy with Checkpoint Inhibitors: a Phase IB/II Trial in Unresectable Stage III or Stage IV Cutaneous Melanoma
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2025-522757-19-00·Authorised·A Cancer Research UK Phase II trial of CY-101 given via intratumoural administration in locally advanced or metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma (CLARITY)
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2025-523067-38-01·Authorised·Phase 1/1b Study of BMS-986463 in Advanced Malignant Tumors
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2025-523617-29-01·Authorised·Tolerability and efficacy of treating locally advanced Resectable Oral Cancer with neoadjuvant INtratumoral anti-CTLA4 ImmunoTherapy combined with systemic anti-PD-1 (ROCinIT).
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2025-523482-23-00·Authorised·PITALC. Pilot study on the effect of PITAC (Pressurized IntraThoracic Aerosol Chemotherapy) by videothoracoscopy in patients with malignant pleural effusion in the light of the results of a retrospective historical cohort treated with talc pleurodesis by videothoracoscopy
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2025-524403-80-00·Authorised·A Phase 3, Randomized, Open-Label, Multicenter Study Evaluating the Efficacy of KITE-753 Versus Axicabtagene Ciloleucel in Participants with Relapsed or Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma After First-Line Therapy
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2025-523633-25-00·Authorised·A Phase II, Open-Label, Single-Arm, Multicentre Study of Immunotherapy and non-invasive response evaluation in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma as an organ preservation strategy: a proof of concept clinical study and translational correlates - INCEPT
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2026-525808-94-00·Authorised·EXUROC Bladder Target - A phase Ib/ll study to determine the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of LP-184 treatment in patients with advanced/metastatic urothelial carcinoma
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2025-523923-22-00·Authorised·A Phase 2, Open-Label, Single-Arm Study of Lirafugratinib in Patients With Previously Treated, Unresectable, Locally Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors (Excluding Cholangiocarcinoma) With FGFR2 Fusion or Rearrangement
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2025-524285-18-00·Authorised·A Phase 2 Open-Label, Multi-Center Study of BMS-986504 as Monotherapy and in Combination with Other Agents in Participants with Advanced and/or Metastatic Solid Tumors with Homozygous MTAP Deletion
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2024-510793-24-00·Authorised·Feasibility of fluorescence imaging with bevacizumab-800CW during bronchoscopy in patients with a pulmonary lesion considered to be malignant - DFLECT I
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2026-526388-39-00·Authorised·Calcium Electroporation for Urinary Bladder Tumors: A First-in-Human Feasibility, Safety, and Early Response Trial - The CALCIFER Trial
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2024-517799-40-00·Authorised·A multicenter open-label phase II study of Cemiplimab plus chemotherapy, selected on the basis of baseline cytidine deaminase activity, in advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer - CECYDE trial - GOIRC-04-2024
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2023-507214-28-00·Authorised·Network pharmacology-based personalized drug repurposing in thyroid carcinoma: a pilot feasibility trial
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2025-524623-50-00·Authorised·A Phase 1/2 Open-Label, Multicenter Study of RAS(ON) inhibitors in Combination with Ivonescimab with or without Other Anti-Cancer Agents in Patients with Solid Tumors
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2025-524299-44-00·Authorised·First study evaluating the safety and dosage of YG-01 in patients with a malignant brain tumor
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2025-525009-18-00·Authorised·A Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase 3 Study of Chemotherapy With or Without INCB161734 in Previously Untreated, KRAS G12D-Mutated Metastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (DAWN-303)
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2026-526113-28-00·Authorised·Prospective, multicenter, randomized study on combined LT4 + LT3 therapy versus LT4 in the control of TSH in patients with advanced thyroid cancer treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2026-526324-48-00·Authorised·Exploratory study of the performance of dynamic PET-CT acquisition to predict 6-month morphological response in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with selective internal radiotherapy
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2025-524488-18-00·Authorised·An Open-label, Single-Arm, Phase 2 Study to Evaluate Enfortumab Vedotin plus Pembrolizumab for Bladder Preservation in Participants with Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer (EV-209).
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2025-524687-38-00·Authorised·Phase 1/1b Study of RNDO-564 in Participants with Advanced Urothelial Cancer
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2025-522643-18-00·Authorised, recruiting·A Phase 3, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study of Adjuvant Intismeran Autogene Plus Subcutaneous Pembrolizumab and Berahyaluronidase Alfa (MK-3475A) or Intismeran Autogene Monotherapy Versus Placebo in Participants With Completely Resected High-Risk Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (INTerpath-014)
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
Where to find support
Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.
Orphanet entry for Embryonal carcinoma — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.
India — NPRD
Last verified 2026-07-26This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.
Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.
How we counted this
Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.
"Embryonal carcinoma" OR "carcinoma, embryonal, malignant"
MeSH descriptor terms unioned into the query: Carcinoma, Embryonal
ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):
"Embryonal carcinoma" OR "carcinoma, embryonal, malignant" OR "Carcinoma, Embryonal"
Interventional trials matched via: phrase (mesh = registered under a MeSH descriptor no name phrase would catch; recall-expansion = gene / selected parent terms used only for trials).
Study-type breakdown: 6 interventional · 3 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.
Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase, mesh; with hits: phrase, mesh
Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov
Confidence reasoning
- Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
- No synonyms dropped by stoplist
- No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
- Publication count (16957) is implausibly high for prevalence class "<1 / 1 000 000" — treat as possible over-matching, not a measure of research intensity
Ingested 2026-07-27T09:02:05.093Z