RARE DISEASERESEARCH ATLAS
Open navigation menu

ORPHA:166433

Epilepsy with reading-induced seizures

high confidenceDisorder

Also known as: EwRIS

Publications

6

21.1th percentile

Trials

0

Interventional, condition-specific

Researchers

38

Distinct authors in sample

Gene link

—

Readiness

3/6

Stages with a signal

Clinical definition (Orphanet)

A rare reflex characterized by reading-induced which in most cases present with orofacial/jaw myoclonus possibly extending to the upper limbs but can also manifest as dyslexia or alexia and visual symptoms. In both variants secondary generalized tonic-clonic may evolve if the stimulus is not interrupted. The disease typically begins in the second or third decade of life and may be inherited in an pattern. It usually takes a benign course with little tendency to spontaneous .

How rare: <1 / 1 000 000 — fewer than one in a million. In a city the size of Kolkata, that might mean on the order of fifteen people.

Orphanet entry

Cross-references

Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.

Additional Mondo synonyms (1)

epilepsy with reading-induced seizures

Research stages

Trial readiness signals

Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”

3/6 stages with a signal

No specific-condition interventional trial, but broader-category trials exist — discuss eligibility with a clinician.

  1. Gene identifiedNot found

    No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build

  2. LiteraturePresent

    6 matched papers (5 in last 10 years) Source

  3. Phenotype characterisedPresent

    2 HPO annotations (e.g. Seizure; EEG abnormality) Source

  4. Animal modelNot found

    No Alliance genotype “model of” associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs

  5. Orphan designationNot found

    No FDA or EMA orphan-drug designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name Source

  6. Interventional trialPartial

    None under the specific name; 1435 for broader category epilepsy

Biology

Genes and phenotypes

Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.

Do we know what causes it?

Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.

No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.

Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)

2

Associated phenotypes · MONDO:0007560

  • Seizure
  • EEG abnormality

Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)

None returned for this Mondo ID. Empty here is not proof that no model organism work exists under another name or gene.

Monarch fetch 2026-07-29

Therapies

Designations, candidates, and chemicals

FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.

Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)

No designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name on the FDA OOPD mirror or EMA orphan register. Absence here is not proof that none exists under another wording.

Open Targets candidates

No drugs or clinical candidates returned for this Mondo ID on Open Targets.

CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)

No CTD chemical associations returned for this Mondo ID.

Literature

Is anyone studying this?

6

6 papers have ever been indexed under this name. For scale, breast cancer has over 700,000. Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.

6 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).

5 in the last 10 years · high confidence · 21.1th percentile (publications denominator)

Phrase hits: 6 · MeSH hits: 0

Open Europe PMC search

Who's working on it?

38

Distinct author names in 6 sampled papers — named people below.

Who's working on it?

No interventional trial matched this name; these authors publish on it in the sampled literature — a practical starting point for contact.

  1. 01
    Nabbout R2 papers · 2025

    Reference Centre for Rare Epilepsies, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Member of Epicare, Paris, France.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  2. 02
    Trinka E2 papers · 2026

    Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, member of EpiCARE, Salzburg, Austria.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  3. 03
    Akawi N1 paper · 2026

    Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P. O. Box 1555, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. nadia.akawi@uaeu.ac.ae.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  4. 04
    Alsaadi T1 paper · 2022

    Department of Neurology, American Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  5. 05
    Auvin S1 paper · 2022

    Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  6. 06
    Bogacz A1 paper · 2022

    Institute of Neurology, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  7. 07
    Cabral-Lim L1 paper · 2022

    Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, Health Sciences Center, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, the Philippines.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  8. 08
    Cook JM1 paper · 1992
    Papers in Europe PMC
  9. 09
    Felder T1 paper · 2026

    Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  10. 10
    French J1 paper · 2022

    New York University Grossman School of Medicine and NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC

Clinical research

Is a treatment being tested?

0

interventional trials for this specific condition

No interventional trial testing a treatment matched this specific condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov (observational studies and pan-disease registries are listed separately when present). 1,435 trials are registered for epilepsy, the broader category — shown separately because they may or may not enrol this specific subtype.

Data as of 11 September 2026 · last trial check 11 September 2026

No matched interventional trials. This is true for 77.2% of diseases in the trials denominator (5501 of 7126). Here are the researchers publishing on it.

high confidence · 38.6th percentile (trials denominator)

Recruiting interventional trials

From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set

No interventional trial testing a treatment was found for this specific condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov.

1,435 interventional trials matched epilepsy, the broader category — listed below. Those studies are not counted in the condition-specific total.

Broader category: epilepsy

1,435

Interventional trials for the parent category, exclusive of NCT IDs already counted above. Eligibility for this subtype is not guaranteed.

Worth raising with a clinician. How we count trials.

Recruiting under the broader category

Other registries (secondary)

Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.

raw 0 · after dedupe 0 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 0 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-30

Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri

No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).

Where to find support

Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.

Orphanet entry for Epilepsy with reading-induced seizures — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.

India — NPRD

Last verified 2026-07-26

This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.

Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.

How we counted this

Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.

"Epilepsy with reading-induced seizures" OR "EwRIS"

Run this search on Europe PMC

ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):

"Epilepsy with reading-induced seizures" OR "EwRIS"

Study-type breakdown: 0 interventional · 0 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.

Parent-category trials query:

"epilepsy"

Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase; with hits: phrase

Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Confidence reasoning

  • Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
  • No synonyms dropped by stoplist
  • No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus

Ingested 2026-07-27T08:25:21.304Z