ORPHA:1501
Adrenocortical carcinoma
Also known as: ACC
Publications
17,938
98.7th percentile
Trials
68
Interventional, condition-specific
Researchers
1,398
Distinct authors in sample
Gene link
—
Readiness
2/6
Stages with a signal
Clinical definition (Orphanet)
A rare malignant adrenal disease characterized by a tumor that arises from the adrenal cortex. The clinical presentation depends on the hormones secreted; in children virilization is a predominant feature; other manifestations can include symptoms of Cushing syndrome or symptoms related to tumor volume or metastases.
How rare: 1-9 / 1 000 000 — roughly one to nine people per million. In a city the size of Kolkata, perhaps a few dozen.
Cross-references
Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.
- MONDO:0006639
- UMLS:C0206686
- NCIT:C9325
Additional Mondo synonyms (12)
adenocarcinoma, adrenocortical, malignant · adrenal cortex adenocarcinoma · adrenal cortex carcinoma · adrenal cortical adenocarcinoma · adrenal cortical carcinoma · adrenal cortical carcinoma (morphologic abnormality) · adrenocortical carcinoma · adrenocortical carcinoma (disease) · carcinoma of adrenal cortex · carcinoma of the adrenal cortex · carcinoma, adrenocortical, malignant · cortical cell carcinoma
Research stages
Trial readiness signals
Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”
2/6 stages with a signal
An interventional trial matched this condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov — see trials below.
- Gene identifiedNot found
No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build
- LiteraturePresent
17,938 matched papers (11,912 in last 10 years) Source
- Phenotype characterisedNot checked
Not yet enriched from Monarch / HPO
- Animal modelNot checked
Not yet enriched from Monarch / Alliance
- Orphan designationNot checked
FDA/EMA orphan-drug designation not enriched yet
- Interventional trialPresent
68 matched on ClinicalTrials.gov (18 recruiting in sample)
Biology
Genes and phenotypes
Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.
Do we know what causes it?
Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.
No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.
Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)
Not enriched in this build — Monarch phenotype joins were not run for this record.
Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)
Not enriched in this build.
Literature
Is anyone studying this?
17,938
17,938 papers — among the better-studied rare conditions, though still a fraction of common-disease literature (breast cancer: over 700,000). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=5449) is 41.
17,938 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 41 (publications denominator n=5449).
11,912 in the last 10 years · medium confidence · 98.7th percentile (publications denominator)
Phrase hits: 17,938 · MeSH hits: 0
Who's working on it?
1,398
Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.
Who's working on it?
People publishing on this condition (sampled Europe PMC records). Affiliation is the most recent found in that sample.
- 01Berruti A9 papers · 2026
Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, ASST-Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.
Papers in Europe PMC - 02Cosentini D9 papers · 2026
Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, ASST-Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.
Papers in Europe PMC - 03Laganà M9 papers · 2026
Medical Oncology Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Papers in Europe PMC - 04Altieri B6 papers · 2026
Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
Papers in Europe PMC - 05Fassnacht M6 papers · 2026
Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
Papers in Europe PMC - 06Habra MA6 papers · 2026
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Papers in Europe PMC - 07Kimpel O6 papers · 2026
Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
Papers in Europe PMC - 08Sigala S6 papers · 2026
Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Papers in Europe PMC - 09Tamburello M6 papers · 2026
Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Papers in Europe PMC - 10Abate A5 papers · 2026
Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Papers in Europe PMC
Clinical research
Is a treatment being tested?
68
interventional trials for this specific condition
68 interventional trials matched this specific condition name; 18 currently recruiting in our sample.
Data as of 27 July 2026
68 interventional trials — more than 73% of diseases in the trials denominator have none at all (5114 of 7003; this disease is at the 97.8th percentile).
medium confidence · 97.8th percentile (trials denominator)
Recruiting interventional trials
From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set
68 interventional trials matched after quoted-phrase search and title/condition post-filter.
- NCT06487481·RECRUITING·Study of Preoperative Radiation Therapy in Participants With Resectable Recurrent Abdominal Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Conditions: Adrenocortical Carcinoma (ACC) · Recurrent Adrenocortical Carcinoma (ACC) · Recurrent Abdominal Adrenocortical Carcinoma (ACC) · Carcinoma, Adrenocortical·Matched via name phrase
- NCT04119024·RECRUITING·Gene Modified Immune Cells After Conditioning Regimen for the Treatment of Stage IIIC or IV Melanoma or Metastatic Solid Tumors
Conditions: Metastatic Malignant Solid Neoplasm · Metastatic Melanoma · Pathologic Stage IIIC Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v8 · Pathologic Stage IV Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v8·Matched via name phrase
- NCT05286814·RECRUITING·PDS01ADC in Combination With Hepatic Artery Infusion Pump (HAIP) and Systemic Therapy for Subjects With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer, Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma, or Metastatic Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Conditions: Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (Mcrc) · Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma (Icc) · Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer · Colorectal Neoplasms·Matched via name phrase
- NCT06141369·RECRUITING·Treatment of Advanced Endocrine Tumor With Iindividualized mRNA Neoantigen Vaccine (mRNA-0523-L001)
Conditions: Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma · Medullary Thyroid Cancer · Thymic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma · Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor·Matched via name phrase
- NCT07141147·NOT YET RECRUITING·A Prospective, Randomized, Multicenter Clinical Study Comparing Adjuvant Radiotherapy Versus Observation in High-risk Localized Adrenocortical Carcinoma After Surgery.
Conditions: Radiotherapy · High-risk Localized Adrenocortical Carcinoma·Matched via name phrase
- NCT07085572·RECRUITING·Cemiplimab as Maintenance Treatment for Advanced Adrenocortical Cancer
Conditions: Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma·Matched via name phrase
- NCT03583710·RECRUITING·Mitotane With or Without Cisplatin and Etoposide After Surgery in Treating Patients With Stage I-III Adrenocortical Cancer With High Risk of Recurrence
Conditions: ENSAT Stage I Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma · ENSAT Stage II Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma · ENSAT Stage III Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma·Matched via name phrase
- NCT06900595·RECRUITING·Testing the Addition of an Anti-Cancer Drug, Cabozantinib to the Immunotherapy Drug Cemiplimab (REGN2810), in Adolescents and Adults With Advanced Adrenocortical Cancer
Conditions: Locally Advanced Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma · Metastatic Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma · Recurrent Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma · Stage III Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma AJCC v8·Matched via name phrase
- NCT06066333·RECRUITING·Study of Radiotherapy and Pembrolizumab in People With Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Conditions: Adrenocortical Carcinoma · ACC · Metastatic Adrenocortical Carcinoma·Matched via name phrase
- NCT05563467·RECRUITING·Pembrolizumab in the Treatment of Advanced, Progressive Adrenocortical Carcinoma.
Conditions: Adrenocortical Carcinoma·Matched via name phrase
- NCT06333314·RECRUITING·Dostarlimab for Locally Advanced or Metastatic Cancer (Non-colorectal/Non-endometrial) With Tumor dMMR/MSI
Conditions: Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma · Ampulla of Vater Carcinoma · Adrenocortical Carcinoma · Neuroendocrine Carcinoma·Matched via name phrase
- NCT07715903·NOT YET RECRUITING·Hepatic Artery Infusion of Carfilzomib in Participants With Liver Metastatic Disease Previously Treated With Hepatic Artery Infusion Pump Therapy
Conditions: Colorectal Neoplasms · Neoplasms · Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma · Adrenocortical Carcinoma·Matched via name phrase
- NCT04318730·RECRUITING·Phase II Study for Combination of Camrelizumab and Apatinib in the Second-line Treatment of Recurrent or Metastatic Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Conditions: Adrenocortical Carcinoma·Matched via name phrase
- NCT05913427·RECRUITING·Evaluation of the Efficacy of Addition of Progesterone to Standard Chemotherapy in Adrenocortical Carcinoma (ACC)
Conditions: Adrenocortical Carcinoma·Matched via name phrase
- NCT06831175·RECRUITING·Phase II Study of PD-1 Inhibitor Combined With Apatinib and Mitotane in the Treatment of Advanced Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma
Conditions: Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma · Adrenal Cortical Cancer · Adrenal Cancer·Matched via name phrase
Observational and natural-history studies
21 observational studies match this condition. These do not test a treatment and are not counted in the interventional-trial headline, but they are genuine research: natural-history work often defines the endpoints needed for a future rare-disease trial, and families may be able to enroll.
Recruiting or not-yet-recruiting
- NCT06279442·RECRUITING·Adrenal Project: Clinical and Epidemiological Characterization of Adrenocortical Carcinoma in a Brazilian Cohort
Conditions: Carcinoma Adrenal · Carcinoma, Adrenocortical Recurrent·Matched via name phrase
- NCT03050268·RECRUITING·Familial Investigations of Childhood Cancer Predisposition
Conditions: Acute Leukemia · Adenomatous Polyposis · Adrenocortical Carcinoma · AML·Matched via name phrase
- NCT00669266·RECRUITING·Adrenal Tumors - Pathogenesis and Therapy
Conditions: Adrenal Tumors · Adrenocortical Carcinoma · Cushing Syndrome · Conn Syndrome·Matched via name phrase
- NCT00453674·RECRUITING·German Adrenocortical Carcinoma Registry
Conditions: Adrenocortical Carcinoma·Matched via name phrase
- NCT03474237·ENROLLING BY INVITATION·A Prospective Cohort Study for Patients With Adrenal Diseases
Conditions: Adrenal Adenoma · Cushing Syndrome · Pheochromocytoma · Adrenal Incidentaloma·Matched via name phrase
- NCT05237934·RECRUITING·Tissue Procurement and Natural History Study of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (NENs) Including Adrenocortical Carcinoma (ACC)
Conditions: Neuroendocrine Tumors · Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine·Matched via name phrase
- NCT07335679·RECRUITING·Characterization of the Strasbourg Cohort of Patients With Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma
Conditions: Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma·Matched via name phrase
Where to find support
We do not yet link condition-specific patient organisations. These umbrella groups support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families:
India — NPRD
Last verified 2026-07-26This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.
Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.
How we counted this
Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.
"Adrenocortical carcinoma" OR "adenocarcinoma, adrenocortical, malignant" OR "adrenal cortex adenocarcinoma" OR "adrenal cortex carcinoma" OR "adrenal cortical adenocarcinoma" OR "adrenal cortical carcinoma" OR "adrenal cortical carcinoma (morphologic abnormality)" OR "adrenocortical carcinoma (disease)" OR "carcinoma of adrenal cortex" OR "carcinoma of the adrenal cortex" OR "carcinoma, adrenocortical, malignant" OR "cortical cell carcinoma"
ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):
"Adrenocortical carcinoma" OR "adenocarcinoma, adrenocortical, malignant" OR "adrenal cortex adenocarcinoma" OR "adrenal cortex carcinoma" OR "adrenal cortical adenocarcinoma" OR "adrenal cortical carcinoma" OR "adrenal cortical carcinoma (morphologic abnormality)" OR "adrenocortical carcinoma (disease)" OR "carcinoma of adrenal cortex" OR "carcinoma of the adrenal cortex" OR "carcinoma, adrenocortical, malignant" OR "cortical cell carcinoma"
Interventional trials matched via: phrase (mesh = registered under a MeSH descriptor no name phrase would catch; recall-expansion = gene / selected parent terms used only for trials).
Study-type breakdown: 68 interventional · 21 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.
Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase; with hits: phrase
Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov
Synonyms dropped by stoplist: ACC
Confidence reasoning
- Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
- 1 synonym(s) dropped by stoplist (may under-count)
- No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
Ingested 2026-07-26T17:34:31.445Z
