ORPHA:1445
Ring chromosome 21 syndrome
Publications
12
15.2th percentile
Trials
0
Interventional, condition-specific
Researchers
73
Distinct authors in sample
Gene link
—
Readiness
1/6
Stages with a signal
Clinical definition (Orphanet)
Ring chromosome 21 syndrome is an anomaly characterized by variable clinical features, most commonly including growth retardation, , , , microcephaly, short stature, features, hypogammaglobulinemia, thrombocytopenia and unspecific skeletal anomalies (hemivertebrae, clinodactyly, syndactyly). In rare cases, it has been described in phenotypically normal individuals.
How rare: How common this is has not been clearly measured.
Cross-references
Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.
- MONDO:0015437
- MeSH:C537109
- UMLS:C2931422
Additional Mondo synonyms (3)
Chromosome 21 Ring · Ring chromosome type 21 · chromosome 21 en anneau
Research stages
Trial readiness signals
Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”
1/6 stages with a signal
Research-stage checklist from open sources (GenCC, literature, Monarch when enriched, ClinicalTrials.gov). Not a prognosis or care recommendation.
- Gene identifiedNot found
No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build
- LiteraturePresent
12 matched papers (3 in last 10 years) Source
- Phenotype characterisedNot checked
Not yet enriched from Monarch / HPO
- Animal modelNot checked
Not yet enriched from Monarch / Alliance
- Orphan designationNot checked
FDA/EMA orphan-drug designation not enriched yet
- Interventional trialNot found
No matched interventional trial under our ClinicalTrials.gov rules
Biology
Genes and phenotypes
Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.
Do we know what causes it?
Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.
No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.
Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)
Not enriched in this build — Monarch phenotype joins were not run for this record.
Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)
Not enriched in this build.
Literature
Is anyone studying this?
12
12 papers have ever been indexed under this name. For scale, breast cancer has over 700,000. Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=5449) is 41.
12 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 41 (publications denominator n=5449).
3 in the last 10 years · high confidence · 15.2th percentile (publications denominator)
Phrase hits: 12 · MeSH hits: 0
Who's working on it?
73
Distinct author names in 12 sampled papers — named people below.
Who's working on it?
No interventional trial matched this name; these authors publish on it in the sampled literature — a practical starting point for contact.
- 01Manolakos E2 papers · 2019
Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cagliari, Binaghi Hospital, I-09126 Cagliari, Italy.
Papers in Europe PMC - 02Akin R1 paper · 2012Papers in Europe PMC
- 03Albrecht B1 paper · 2013Papers in Europe PMC
- 04Arslan M1 paper · 2012
Gülhane Military Medical School, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, Etlik, Ankara, Turkey. mutluayarslan@yahoo.com
Papers in Europe PMC - 05Berthelot J1 paper · 1976Papers in Europe PMC
- 06Bhatt S1 paper · 2013Papers in Europe PMC
- 07Blough-Pfau R1 paper · 2004Papers in Europe PMC
- 08Brecevic L1 paper · 2013Papers in Europe PMC
- 09Capaccio P1 paper · 2008
Department of Otorhinolaryngological and Ophthalmological Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy. pasquale.capaccio@unimi.it
Papers in Europe PMC - 10Carrascosa Romero MC1 paper · 2004Papers in Europe PMC
Clinical research
Is a treatment being tested?
0
interventional trials for this specific condition
No interventional trial testing a treatment matched this specific condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov (observational studies and pan-disease registries are listed separately when present).
Data as of 27 July 2026
No matched interventional trials. This is true for 73% of diseases in the trials denominator (5114 of 7003). Here are the researchers publishing on it.
high confidence · 36.5th percentile (trials denominator)
Recruiting interventional trials
From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set
No interventional trial testing a treatment was found for this specific condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov.
See who's working on it — people publishing on this disease are often the practical next contact when no trial is listed.
Where to find support
We do not yet link condition-specific patient organisations. These umbrella groups support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families:
India — NPRD
Last verified 2026-07-26This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.
Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.
How we counted this
Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.
"Ring chromosome 21 syndrome" OR "Chromosome 21 Ring" OR "Ring chromosome type 21" OR "chromosome 21 en anneau"
ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):
"Ring chromosome 21 syndrome" OR "Chromosome 21 Ring" OR "Ring chromosome type 21" OR "chromosome 21 en anneau"
Study-type breakdown: 0 interventional · 0 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.
Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase; with hits: phrase
Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov
Confidence reasoning
- Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
- No synonyms dropped by stoplist
- No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
Ingested 2026-07-26T17:23:06.605Z