ORPHA:142
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
Publications
10,482
96.2th percentile
Trials
48
Interventional, condition-specific
Researchers
1,097
Distinct authors in sample
Gene link
—
Readiness
4/6
Stages with a signal
Clinical definition (Orphanet)
A disorder that represents the ultimate dedifferentiation step of thyroid tumorigenesis and is one of the most severe cancers in humans.
How rare: 1-9 / 1 000 000 — roughly one to nine people per million. In a city the size of Kolkata, perhaps a few dozen.
Cross-references
Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.
- MONDO:0006468
- MeSH:D065646
- UMLS:C0238461
- NCIT:C3878
Additional Mondo synonyms (24)
Dedifferentiated thyroid gland carcinoma · anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid · anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid gland · anaplastic carcinoma of thyroid · anaplastic carcinoma of thyroid gland · anaplastic thyroid cancer · anaplastic thyroid carcinoma · anaplastic thyroid gland carcinoma · metaplastic thyroid gland carcinoma · pleomorphic thyroid gland carcinoma · sarcomatoid thyroid gland carcinoma · thyroid gland carcinosarcoma · thyroid gland undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinoma · thyroid gland undifferentiated carcinoma · undifferentiated (anaplastic) thyroid gland cancer · undifferentiated (anaplastic) thyroid gland carcinoma · undifferentiated carcinoma of the thyroid · undifferentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland · undifferentiated carcinoma of thyroid · undifferentiated carcinoma of thyroid gland · undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma · undifferentiated thyroid gland carcinoma · undifferentiated thyroid tumor · undifferentiated thyroid tumour
Research stages
Trial readiness signals
Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”
4/6 stages with a signal
An interventional trial matched this condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov — see trials below.
- Gene identifiedNot found
No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build
- LiteraturePresent
10,482 matched papers (7,470 in last 10 years) Source
- Phenotype characterisedPresent
23 HPO annotations (e.g. Goiter; Lymphadenopathy; Laryngotracheal stenosis) Source
- Animal modelNot found
No Alliance genotype “model of” associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs
- Orphan designationPresent
8 FDA · 1 EMA designations (3 FDA orphan-indication approvals) — e.g. vemurafenib Source
- Interventional trialPresent
48 matched on ClinicalTrials.gov (7 recruiting in sample)
Biology
Genes and phenotypes
Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.
Do we know what causes it?
Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.
No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.
Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)
23
Associated phenotypes · MONDO:0006468
- Goiter
- Lymphadenopathy
- Laryngotracheal stenosis
- Pain
- Weight loss
Showing 5 of 23 — open Monarch for the full list.
Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)
None returned for this Mondo ID. Empty here is not proof that no model organism work exists under another name or gene.
Monarch fetch 2026-07-29
Therapies
Designations, candidates, and chemicals
FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.
Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)
9
Designations · 3 with FDA orphan-indication approval
- FDA vemurafenibTumors Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma papillary thyroid cancer · 2013-11-26 · Not FDA Approved for Orphan Indication
- FDA ribavirin elaidateAnaplastic thyroid carcinoma papillary thyroid cancer · 2011-09-02 · Not FDA Approved for Orphan Indication
- FDA Combretastatin A4 Phosphatefollicular thyroid cancer anaplastic thyroid cancer Thyroid cancer medullary · 2003-07-23 · Not FDA Approved for Orphan Indication
- EMA 2-Methoxy-5-[(1Z)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-phenol (fosbretabulin tromethamine)Treatment of anaplastic thyroid cancer · 21/07/2021 · WithdrawnEMA designation
- FDA pralsetinib (Gavreto)anaplastic thyroid cancer Thyroid cancer medullary papillary thyroid cancer Differentiated Thyroid Cancer · 2020-05-26
- FDA selpercatinib (RETEVMO)anaplastic thyroid cancer Thyroid cancer medullary Thyroid Cancers Differentiated Thyroid Cancer · 2019-11-21
- FDA sorafenib (Nexavar)Cancer Anaplastic Thyroid medullary thyroid cancer papillary thyroid cancer · 2011-12-12
- FDA cabozantinib (Cometriq)Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma papillary thyroid cancer · 2010-11-29
Sources: FDA OOPD · EMA orphan designations
Open Targets candidates
69
Drugs / clinical candidates · MONDO_0006468
- CARBOPLATIN·phase 3
- FOSBRETABULIN·phase 3
- PACLITAXEL·phase 3
- ADEBRELIMAB·phase 2
- ALDESLEUKIN·phase 2
- ATEZOLIZUMAB·phase 2
- AVUTOMETINIB·phase 2
- BECOTATUG VEDOTIN·phase 2
- BEVACIZUMAB·phase 2
- CABOZANTINIB·phase 2
- CAPECITABINE·phase 2
- CATEQUENTINIB·phase 2
- CEMIPLIMAB·phase 2
- CERITINIB·phase 2
- CETUXIMAB·phase 2
CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)
2 associated chemicals · 10 pathways. Therapeutic evidence is listed first when present — not a treatment recommendation.
- efavirenz · therapeutic
- Paclitaxel · therapeutic
Pathways: FoxO signaling pathway; Peroxisome; Longevity regulating pathway; Longevity regulating pathway - multiple species; Huntington's disease; Disease; Cellular responses to stress; Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species
Literature
Is anyone studying this?
10,482
10,482 papers — among the better-studied rare conditions, though still a fraction of common-disease literature (breast cancer: over 700,000). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.
10,482 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).
7,470 in the last 10 years · high confidence · 96.2th percentile (publications denominator)
Phrase hits: 10,482 · MeSH hits: 0
Who's working on it?
1,097
Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.
Who's working on it?
People publishing on this condition (sampled Europe PMC records). Affiliation is the most recent found in that sample.
- 01Wang J9 papers · 2026
Postgraduate Training Base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Zhejiang, 310022, Hangzhou, China; Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang, 310022, Hangzhou, China.
Papers in Europe PMC - 02Zhang Y9 papers · 2026
Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
Papers in Europe PMC - 03Chen J8 papers · 2026
Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
Papers in Europe PMC - 04Wang Y8 papers · 2026
Chinese Material Medical College, Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, China.
Papers in Europe PMC - 05Liu Y7 papers · 2026
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Papers in Europe PMC - 06Chen X6 papers · 2025
Emergency Department, Fenggang County People's Hospital, Fenggang, 564299, Guizhou, China.
Papers in Europe PMC - 07Guo Y6 papers · 2026
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of People's Liberation Army, Kunming, China.
Papers in Europe PMC - 08Li Z6 papers · 2026
Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China. Electronic address: Rockoliver163@163.com.
Papers in Europe PMC - 09Wang X6 papers · 2026
Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Papers in Europe PMC - 10Chen W5 papers · 2026
State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China. chenwch@sysucc.org.cn.
Papers in Europe PMC
Clinical research
Is a treatment being tested?
48
interventional trials for this specific condition
48 interventional trials matched this specific condition name; 7 currently recruiting in our sample.
Data as of 11 September 2026
48 interventional trials — more than 77.2% of diseases in the trials denominator have none at all (5501 of 7126; this disease is at the 97.1th percentile).
high confidence · 97.1th percentile (trials denominator)
Recruiting interventional trials
From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set
48 interventional trials matched after quoted-phrase search and title/condition post-filter.
- NCT06235216·RECRUITING·Sacituzumab govitEcan in THYroid Cancers
Not reviewed·Conditions: Differentiated Thyroid Cancer · Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer·Matched via name phrase
- NCT06374602·RECRUITING·Efficacy of Pembrolizumab and Lenvatinib in Patients With Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
Not reviewed·Conditions: Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer·Matched via name phrase
- NCT07470489·NOT YET RECRUITING·Zanzalintinib Plus Cemiplimab for the Treatment of BRAF Wild-Type Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
Not reviewed·Conditions: Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer·Matched via name phrase
- NCT06902376·RECRUITING·XL092 and Cemiplimab in BRAF WT Thyroid Cancer
Not reviewed·Conditions: Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer · Thyroid Cancer · BRAF Mutation-Related Tumors·Matched via name phrase
- NCT06079333·RECRUITING·NEO- and Adjuvant Targeted Therapy in Braf-mutated Anaplastic Cancer of the Thyroid (NEO-ATACT Study)
Not reviewed·Conditions: Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer·Matched via name phrase
- NCT03975231·RECRUITING·Dabrafenib, Trametinib, and IMRT in Treating Patients With BRAF Mutated Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
Not reviewed·Conditions: BRAF NP_004324.2:p.V600E · BRAF V600K Mutation Present · Thyroid Gland Anaplastic Carcinoma·Matched via name phrase
- NCT07485569·NOT YET RECRUITING·Drug Repurposing in Thyroid Carcinoma: a Feasibility Trial
Not reviewed·Conditions: Thyroid Cancer Stage IV · Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer · Differentiated Thyroid Cancer · Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma·Matched via name phrase
Observational and natural-history studies
6 observational studies match this condition. These do not test a treatment and are not counted in the interventional-trial headline, but they are genuine research: natural-history work often defines the endpoints needed for a future rare-disease trial, and families may be able to enroll.
Recruiting or not-yet-recruiting
- NCT07138261·NOT YET RECRUITING·Taiwanese Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Registry
Not reviewed·Conditions: Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic·Matched via name phrase
Other registries (secondary)
Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.
raw 8 · after dedupe 8 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 8 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-29
Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri
No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).
Uncertain / not reviewed (8)
- ctis·2023-504898-20-00·Authorised, ongoing·A multicenter, open label, two cohort, single arm, phase II study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the anti-TROP-2 antibody-drug conjugate sacituzumab govitecan in patients with advanced differentiated and anaplastic thyroid neoplasms.
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- ctis·2022-501618-70-00·Cancelled·A Phase 1/2 Open-Label Multicenter Trial to Characterize the Safety, Tolerability, and Preliminary Efficacy of CFT1946 as Monotherapy and Combination Therapy in Subjects with BRAF-V600 Mutant Solid Tumors.
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- isrctn·ISRCTN17004671·Recruiting·HoT – A phase III randomised trial to compare the rates of cancer returning in patients with low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer after a hemithyroidectomy and total thyroidectomy
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- isrctn·ISRCTN17468602·Stopped·Can Selumetinib make advanced thyroid cancer sensitive to radioactive iodine therapy again?
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- isrctn·ISRCTN29843533·No longer recruiting·Determination of the Quality of Life Instrument that is most preferred by patients with thyroid cancer
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- isrctn·ISRCTN80416929·No longer recruiting·ION - Is ablative radiOiodine Necessary for low risk differentiated thyroid cancer patients?
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- isrctn·ISRCTN52660978·No longer recruiting·Is the routine Pressure Dressing After Thyroidectomy necessary? A prospective randomised controlled study
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
- isrctn·ISRCTN56078540·No longer recruiting·Multicentre randomised trial of High dose versus Low dose radioiodine, with or without recombinant human thyroid stimulating hormone, for remnant ablation following surgery for differentiated thyroid cancer
skipped — LLM skipped (--skip-llm)
Where to find support
Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.
Orphanet entry for Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.
India — NPRD
Last verified 2026-07-26This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.
Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.
How we counted this
Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.
("Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma" OR "Dedifferentiated thyroid gland carcinoma" OR "anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid" OR "anaplastic carcinoma of thyroid" OR "anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid gland" OR "anaplastic carcinoma of thyroid gland" OR "anaplastic thyroid cancer" OR "anaplastic thyroid gland carcinoma" OR "metaplastic thyroid gland carcinoma" OR "pleomorphic thyroid gland carcinoma" OR "sarcomatoid thyroid gland carcinoma" OR "thyroid gland carcinosarcoma" OR "thyroid gland undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinoma" OR "thyroid gland undifferentiated carcinoma" OR "undifferentiated (anaplastic) thyroid gland cancer" OR "undifferentiated (anaplastic) thyroid gland carcinoma" OR "undifferentiated carcinoma of the thyroid" OR "undifferentiated carcinoma of thyroid" OR "undifferentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland" OR "undifferentiated carcinoma of thyroid gland" OR "undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma" OR "undifferentiated thyroid gland carcinoma" OR "undifferentiated thyroid tumor" OR "undifferentiated thyroid tumour")ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):
"Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma" OR "Dedifferentiated thyroid gland carcinoma" OR "anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid" OR "anaplastic carcinoma of thyroid" OR "anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid gland" OR "anaplastic carcinoma of thyroid gland" OR "anaplastic thyroid cancer" OR "anaplastic thyroid gland carcinoma" OR "metaplastic thyroid gland carcinoma" OR "pleomorphic thyroid gland carcinoma" OR "sarcomatoid thyroid gland carcinoma" OR "thyroid gland carcinosarcoma" OR "thyroid gland undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinoma" OR "thyroid gland undifferentiated carcinoma" OR "undifferentiated (anaplastic) thyroid gland cancer" OR "undifferentiated (anaplastic) thyroid gland carcinoma" OR "undifferentiated carcinoma of the thyroid" OR "undifferentiated carcinoma of thyroid" OR "undifferentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland" OR "undifferentiated carcinoma of thyroid gland" OR "undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma" OR "undifferentiated thyroid gland carcinoma" OR "undifferentiated thyroid tumor" OR "undifferentiated thyroid tumour"
Interventional trials matched via: phrase (mesh = registered under a MeSH descriptor no name phrase would catch; recall-expansion = gene / selected parent terms used only for trials).
Study-type breakdown: 48 interventional · 6 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.
Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase; with hits: phrase
Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov
Confidence reasoning
- Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
- No synonyms dropped by stoplist
- No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus
Ingested 2026-07-26T12:37:39.215Z