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ORPHA:1053

Vein of Galen malformation

medium confidenceDisorder

Also known as: VOGM · Vein of Galen arteriovenous malformation

Publications

610

78.1th percentile

Trials

2

Interventional, condition-specific

Researchers

977

Distinct authors in sample

Gene link

—

Readiness

3/6

Stages with a signal

Clinical definition (Orphanet)

A rare intracranial high-flow vascular characterized by arteriovenous shunts draining into the median prosencephalic vein of Markowski, embryonic precursor of the vein of Galen, typically presenting in neonates or infants.

How rare: How common this is has not been clearly measured.

Orphanet entry

Cross-references

Joined from Mondo / Orphanet. MeSH labels may enter searches; UMLS / OMIM / NCIT are stored for reference.

Additional Mondo synonyms (1)

vein of Galen arteriovenous malformations

Research stages

Trial readiness signals

Where this condition sits on an open-data research pipeline — not how close a treatment is, and not medical advice. Empty stages often mean “not in these databases under this Mondo ID,” not “impossible.”

3/6 stages with a signal

An interventional trial matched this condition name on ClinicalTrials.gov — see trials below.

  1. Gene identifiedNot found

    No GenCC disease–gene assertion in this build

  2. LiteraturePresent

    610 matched papers (337 in last 10 years) Source

  3. Phenotype characterisedPresent

    3 HPO annotations (e.g. Abnormal cerebral vascular morphology; Peripheral arteriovenous fistula; Vascular dilatation) Source

  4. Animal modelNot found

    No Alliance genotype “model of” associations via Monarch for these Mondo IDs

  5. Orphan designationNot found

    No FDA or EMA orphan-drug designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name Source

  6. Interventional trialPresent

    2 matched on ClinicalTrials.gov (1 recruiting in sample)

Biology

Genes and phenotypes

Gene–disease validity from GenCC, plus phenotypes and animal models joined from Monarch Initiative via Mondo ID — not a clinical diagnosis aid.

Do we know what causes it?

Not yet — the cause hasn't been pinned down in GenCC.

No strong gene–disease assertion joined for this Orphanet entity.

Phenotypes (Monarch / HPO)

3

Associated phenotypes · MONDO:0015196

  • Abnormal cerebral vascular morphology
  • Peripheral arteriovenous fistula
  • Vascular dilatation

Animal models (Monarch / Alliance)

None returned for this Mondo ID. Empty here is not proof that no model organism work exists under another name or gene.

Monarch fetch 2026-07-29

Therapies

Designations, candidates, and chemicals

FDA OOPD and EMA orphan designations, Open Targets clinical candidates, and CTD chemical associations via MyDisease.info. These never change the interventional-trial headline.

Orphan designation (FDA · EMA)

No designation matched this disease via UMLS or preferred name on the FDA OOPD mirror or EMA orphan register. Absence here is not proof that none exists under another wording.

Open Targets candidates

No drugs or clinical candidates returned for this Mondo ID on Open Targets.

CTD chemicals (MyDisease.info)

No CTD chemical associations returned for this Mondo ID.

Literature

Is anyone studying this?

610

610 papers have been published on this condition. That is a real research literature — still far smaller than common diseases (breast cancer: over 700,000 papers). Median papers in the last 10 years for a rare disease in this dataset (publications denominator n=3967) is 59.

610 papers since the earliest indexed year in this search — median last-10-year count for a rare disease in this dataset is 59 (publications denominator n=3967).

337 in the last 10 years · medium confidence · 78.1th percentile (publications denominator)

Phrase hits: 610 · MeSH hits: 0

Open Europe PMC search

Who's working on it?

977

Distinct author names in 200 sampled papers — named people below.

Who's working on it?

People publishing on this condition (sampled Europe PMC records). Affiliation is the most recent found in that sample.

  1. 01
    Orbach DB19 papers · 2026

    From the Departments of Neurosurgery (L.A., M.L., A.M., D.B.O.) darren.orbach@childrens.harvard.edu.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  2. 02
    See AP10 papers · 2026

    Department of Neurosurgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  3. 03
    Berenstein A9 papers · 2026

    Department of Neurosurgery, 5864The Mount Sinai Hospital, The Mount Sinai Hospital, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  4. 04
    Shigematsu T9 papers · 2026

    Department of Neurosurgery, 5864The Mount Sinai Hospital, The Mount Sinai Hospital, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  5. 05
    Krings T8 papers · 2026

    Division of Interventional Radiology, University of Toronto and the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  6. 06
    Rangwala SD8 papers · 2026

    Department of Neurological Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  7. 07
    Brevis Nuñez F5 papers · 2025

    Department of Neonatology & Pediatric Intensive Care, Sana-Kliniken Duisburg GmbH, Duisburg, Germany. Electronic address: francisco.brevis@sana.de.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  8. 08
    Dohna-Schwake C5 papers · 2025

    Department of Pediatrics I, University Medicine Essen, Essen, Germany.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  9. 09
    Fifi JT5 papers · 2026

    Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA Johanna.Fifi@mountsinai.org.

    Papers in Europe PMC
  10. 10
    Schwarz S5 papers · 2025

    Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Sana Clinics Duisburg, Zu den Rehwiesen 9, 47055, Duisburg, Germany.

    Papers in Europe PMC

Clinical research

Is a treatment being tested?

2

interventional trials for this specific condition

2 interventional trials matched this specific condition name; 1 currently recruiting in our sample.

Data as of 11 September 2026

2 interventional trials — more than 77.2% of diseases in the trials denominator have none at all (5501 of 7126; this disease is at the 84.5th percentile).

medium confidence · 84.5th percentile (trials denominator)

Recruiting interventional trials

From the matched ClinicalTrials.gov set

2 interventional trials matched after quoted-phrase search and title/condition post-filter.

Observational and natural-history studies

1 observational study matches this condition. These do not test a treatment and are not counted in the interventional-trial headline, but they are genuine research: natural-history work often defines the endpoints needed for a future rare-disease trial, and families may be able to enroll.

None of the matched observational studies is currently listed as recruiting.

Open the complete matched search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Other registries (secondary)

Broader net from EU CTIS, ISRCTN, and ICTRP when available — deduped against ClinicalTrials.gov IDs already counted above. Dual-model LLM relevance gates what we keep. These rows are not added to the interventional headline.

raw 1 · after dedupe 1 · already on CT.gov 0 · kept 0 · parent 0 · uncertain 1 · dropped 0 · fetched 2026-07-29

Source notes: ictrp: Error: ICTRP public search unavailable (WHO portal is SPA-only; SOAP needs partnership). Tried: https://apps.who.int/tri

No secondary-registry studies passed dual-model relevance for this condition name (after dedupe).

Uncertain / not reviewed (1)

Where to find support

Condition-specific patient organisations, when Orphanet lists them, are on the disease’s Orphanet page. We also link umbrella groups that support undiagnosed and ultra-rare families.

Orphanet entry for Vein of Galen malformation — check Associations / patient organisations on that page.

India — NPRD

Last verified 2026-07-26

This ORPHAcode is not on our curated NPRD list (direct or Mondo-parent match). That does not decide clinical eligibility; families in India should ask a notified Centre of Excellence about current coverage.

Hand-curated for this project. ORPHAcode mappings are best-effort and may be incomplete or imprecise for umbrella categories. Parent (Mondo) matches mean the policy lists a broader category — confirm eligibility with a Centre of Excellence. Financial entitlements summarised from public policy statements and may change. This is not official government guidance.

How we counted this

Europe PMC query (preferred label + any corrected label + Orphanet and Mondo exact synonyms, stoplisted; unioned with resolved MeSH labels when available). UMLS / OMIM / NCIT cross-references are stored on the overview but are not added to the query string.

"Vein of Galen malformation" OR "Vein of the Galen malformation" OR "Vein of Galen arteriovenous malformation" OR "Vein of the Galen arteriovenous malformation" OR "vein of Galen arteriovenous malformations" OR "vein of the Galen arteriovenous malformations"

Run this search on Europe PMC

ClinicalTrials.gov query (quoted phrases + MeSH via query.cond, plus recall-expansion terms when used):

"Vein of Galen malformation" OR "Vein of the Galen malformation" OR "Vein of Galen arteriovenous malformation" OR "Vein of the Galen arteriovenous malformation" OR "vein of Galen arteriovenous malformations" OR "vein of the Galen arteriovenous malformations"

Interventional trials matched via: phrase (mesh = registered under a MeSH descriptor no name phrase would catch; recall-expansion = gene / selected parent terms used only for trials).

Study-type breakdown: 2 interventional · 1 observational · 0 expanded access. Only interventional studies enter the trial headline.

Query health: ok — strategies attempted: phrase; with hits: phrase

Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Synonyms dropped by stoplist: VOGM

Confidence reasoning

  • Preferred label is multi-word and distinctive
  • 1 synonym(s) dropped by stoplist (may under-count)
  • No label/synonym collisions with other diseases in this corpus

Ingested 2026-07-26T16:17:10.443Z